12 KiB
Catch works quite nicely without any command line options at all - but for those times when you want greater control the following options are available. Click one of the followings links to take you straight to that option - or scroll on to browse the available options.
<test-spec> ...
-h, -?, --help
-l, --list-tests
-t, --list-tags
-s, --success
-b, --break
-e, --nothrow
-i, --invisibles
-o, --out
-r, --reporter
-n, --name
-a, --abort
-x, --abortx
-w, --warn
-d, --durations
-f, --input-file
--list-test-names-only
--list-reporters
--order
--rng-seed
Specifying which tests to run
<test-spec> ...
Test cases, wildcarded test cases, tags and tag expressions are all passed directly as arguments. Tags are distinguished by being enclosed in square brackets.
If no test specs are supplied then all test cases, except "hidden" tests, are run.
A test is hidden by giving it any tag starting with (or just) a period (.) - or, in the deprecated case, tagged [hide] or given name starting with './'. To specify hidden tests from the command line [.] or [hide] can be used regardless of how they were declared.
Specs must be enclosed in quotes if they contain spaces. If they do not contain spaces the quotes are optional.
Wildcards consist of the * character at the beginning and/or end of test case names and can substitute for any number of any characters (including none).
Test specs are case insensitive.
If a spec is prefixed with exclude: or the ~ character then the pattern matches an exclusion. This means that tests matching the pattern are excluded from the set - even if a prior inclusion spec included them. Subsequent inclusion specs will take precendence, however.
Inclusions and exclusions are evaluated in left-to-right order.
Test case examples:
thisTestOnly Matches the test case called, 'thisTestOnly'
"this test only" Matches the test case called, 'this test only'
these* Matches all cases starting with 'these'
exclude:notThis Matches all tests except, 'notThis'
~notThis Matches all tests except, 'notThis'
~*private* Matches all tests except those that contain 'private'
a* ~ab* abc Matches all tests that start with 'a', except those that
start with 'ab', except 'abc', which is included
Names within square brackets are interpreted as tags. A series of tags form an AND expression wheras a comma-separated sequence forms an OR expression. e.g.:
[one][two],[three]
This matches all tests tagged [one] and [two], as well as all tests tagged [three]
Choosing a reporter to use
-r, --reporter <reporter>
A reporter is an object that formats and structures the output of running tests, and potentially summarises the results. By default a console reporter is used that writes, IDE friendly, textual output. Catch comes bundled with some alternative reporters, but more can be added in client code.
The bundled reporters are:
-r console -r compact -r xml -r junit
The JUnit reporter is an xml format that follows the structure of the JUnit XML Report ANT task, as consumed by a number of third-party tools, including Continuous Integration servers such as Hudson. If not otherwise needed, the standard XML reporter is preferred as this is a streaming reporter, whereas the Junit reporter needs to hold all its results until the end so it can write the overall results into attributes of the root node.
Breaking into the debugger
-b, --break
In some IDEs (currently XCode and Visual Studio) it is possible for Catch to break into the debugger on a test failure. This can be very helpful during debug sessions - especially when there is more than one path through a particular test. In addition to the command line option, ensure you have built your code with the DEBUG preprocessor symbol
Showing results for successful tests
-s, --success
Usually you only want to see reporting for failed tests. Sometimes it's useful to see all the output (especially when you don't trust that that test you just added worked first time!). To see successful, as well as failing, test results just pass this option. Note that each reporter may treat this option differently. The Junit reporter, for example, logs all results regardless.
Aborting after a certain number of failures
-a, --abort -x, --abortx [<failure threshold>]
If a REQUIRE assertion fails the test case aborts, but subsequent test cases are still run.
If a CHECK assertion fails even the current test case is not aborted.
Sometimes this results in a flood of failure messages and you'd rather just see the first few. Specifying -a or --abort on its own will abort the whole test run on the first failed assertion of any kind. Use -x or --abortx followed by a number to abort after that number of assertion failures.
Listing available tests, tags or reporters
-l, --list-tests -t, --list-tags --list-reporters
-l or --list-tests will list all registered tests, along with any tags.
If one or more test-specs have been supplied too then only the matching tests will be listed.
-t or --list-tags lists all available tags, along with the number of test cases they match. Again, supplying test specs limits the tags that match.
--list-reporters lists the available reporters.
Sending output to a file
-o, --out <filename>
Use this option to send all output to a file. By default output is sent to stdout (note that uses of stdout and stderr from within test cases are redirected and included in the report - so even stderr will effectively end up on stdout).
Naming a test run
-n, --name <name for test run>
If a name is supplied it will be used by the reporter to provide an overall name for the test run. This can be useful if you are sending to a file, for example, and need to distinguish different test runs - either from different Catch executables or runs of the same executable with different options. If not supplied the name is defaulted to the name of the executable.
Eliding assertions expected to throw
-e, --nothrow
Skips all assertions that test that an exception is thrown, e.g. REQUIRE_THROWS.
These can be a nuisance in certain debugging environments that may break when exceptions are thrown (while this is usually optional for handled exceptions, it can be useful to have enabled if you are trying to track down something unexpected).
Sometimes exceptions are expected outside of one of the assertions that tests for them (perhaps thrown and caught within the code-under-test). The whole test case can be skipped when using -e by marking it with the [!throws] tag.
When running with this option any throw checking assertions are skipped so as not to contribute additional noise. Be careful if this affects the behaviour of subsequent tests.
Make whitespace visible
-i, --invisibles
If a string comparison fails due to differences in whitespace - especially leading or trailing whitespace - it can be hard to see what's going on.
This option transforms tabs and newline characters into \t and \n respectively when printing.
Warnings
-w, --warn <warning name>
Enables reporting of warnings (only one, at time of this writing). If a warning is issued it fails the test.
The ony available warning, presently, is NoAssertions. This warning fails a test case, or (leaf) section if no assertions (REQUIRE/ CHECK etc) are encountered.
Reporting timings
-d, --durations <yes/no>
When set to yes Catch will report the duration of each test case, in milliseconds. Note that it does this regardless of whether a test case passes or fails. Note, also, the certain reporters (e.g. Junit) always report test case durations regardless of this option being set or not.
Load test names to run from a file
-f, --input-file <filename>
Provide the name of a file that contains a list of test case names - one per line. Blank lines are skipped and anything after the comment character, #, is ignored.
A useful way to generate an initial instance of this file is to use the list-test-names-only option. This can then be manually curated to specify a specific subset of tests - or in a specific order.
Just test names
--list-test-names-only
This option lists all available tests in a non-indented form, one on each line. This makes it ideal for saving to a file and feeding back into the -f or --input-file option.
Specify the order test cases are run
--order <decl|lex|rand>
Test cases are ordered one of three ways:
decl
Declaration order. The order the tests were originally declared in. Note that ordering between files is not guaranteed and is implementation dependent.
lex
Lexicographically sorted. Tests are sorted, alpha-numerically, by name.
rand
Randomly sorted. Test names are sorted using std::random_shuffle(). By default the random number generator is seeded with 0 - and so the order is repeatable. To control the random seed see rng-seed.
Specify a seed for the Random Number Generator
--rng-seed <'time'|number>
Sets a seed for the random number generator using std::srand().
If a number is provided this is used directly as the seed so the random pattern is repeatable.
Alternatively if the keyword time is provided then the result of calling std::time(0) is used and so the pattern becomes unpredictable.
In either case the actual value for the seed is printed as part of Catch's output so if an issue is discovered that is sensitive to test ordering the ordering can be reproduced - even if it was originally seeded from std::time(0).
Usage
-h, -?, --help
Prints the command line arguments to stdout