wxWidgets/interface/wx/app.h

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Name:        app.h
// Purpose:     interface of wxApp
// Author:      wxWidgets team
// RCS-ID:      $Id$
// Licence:     wxWindows license
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////


/**
    @class wxAppConsole

    This class is essential for writing console-only or hybrid apps without
    having to define @c wxUSE_GUI=0.

    It is used to:
    @li set and get application-wide properties (see wxAppConsole::CreateTraits
        and wxAppConsole::SetXXX functions)
    @li implement the windowing system message or event loop: events in fact are
        supported even in console-mode applications (see wxAppConsole::HandleEvent
        and wxAppConsole::ProcessPendingEvents);
    @li initiate application processing via wxApp::OnInit;
    @li allow default processing of events not handled by other
        objects in the application (see wxAppConsole::FilterEvent)
    @li implement Apple-specific event handlers (see wxAppConsole::MacXXX functions)

    You should use the macro IMPLEMENT_APP(appClass) in your application
    implementation file to tell wxWidgets how to create an instance of your
    application class.

    Use DECLARE_APP(appClass) in a header file if you want the ::wxGetApp() function
    (which returns a reference to your application object) to be visible to other
    files.

    @library{wxbase}
    @category{appmanagement}

    @see @ref overview_app, wxApp, wxAppTraits, wxEventLoopBase
*/
class wxAppConsole : public wxEvtHandler
{
protected:
    /**
        Creates the wxAppTraits object when GetTraits() needs it for the first time.

        @see wxAppTraits
    */
    virtual wxAppTraits* CreateTraits();

public:

    /**
        Destructor.
    */
    virtual ~wxAppConsole();


    /**
        @name Event-handling

        Note that you should look at wxEvtLoopBase for more event-processing
        documentation.
    */
    //@{

    /**
        Called by wxWidgets on creation of the application. Override this if you wish
        to provide your own (environment-dependent) main loop.

        @return 0 under X, and the wParam of the WM_QUIT message under Windows.
    */
    virtual int MainLoop();

    /**
        Call this to explicitly exit the main message (event) loop.
        You should normally exit the main loop (and the application) by deleting
        the top window.

        This function simply calls wxEvtLoopBase::Exit() on the active loop.
    */
    virtual void ExitMainLoop();

    /**
        This function is called before processing any event and allows the application
        to preempt the processing of some events.

        If this method returns -1 the event is processed normally, otherwise either
        @true or @false should be returned and the event processing stops immediately
        considering that the event had been already processed (for the former return
        value) or that it is not going to be processed at all (for the latter one).
    */
    virtual int FilterEvent(wxEvent& event);


    /**
        This function simply invokes the given method @a func of the specified
        event handler @a handler with the @a event as parameter. It exists solely
        to allow to catch the C++ exceptions which could be thrown by all event
        handlers in the application in one place: if you want to do this, override
        this function in your wxApp-derived class and add try/catch clause(s) to it.
    */
    virtual void HandleEvent(wxEvtHandler* handler,
                             wxEventFunction func,
                             wxEvent& event) const;

    //@}


    /**
        Allows external code to modify global ::wxTheApp, but you should really
        know what you're doing if you call it.

        @param app
            Replacement for the global application object.

        @see GetInstance()
    */
    static void SetInstance(wxAppConsole* app);

    /**
        Returns the one and only global application object.
        Usually ::wxTheApp is used instead.

        @see SetInstance()
    */
    static wxAppConsole* GetInstance();

    /**
        Returns @true if the main event loop is currently running, i.e. if the
        application is inside OnRun().

        This can be useful to test whether events can be dispatched. For example,
        if this function returns @false, non-blocking sockets cannot be used because
        the events from them would never be processed.
    */
    static bool IsMainLoopRunning();


    /**
        @name Mac-specific functions
    */
    //@{

    /**
        Called in response of an "open-application" Apple event.
        Override this to create a new document in your app.

        @onlyfor{wxmac}
    */
    virtual void MacNewFile();

    /**
        Called in response of an "open-document" Apple event.

        You need to override this method in order to open a document file after the
        user double clicked on it or if the document file was dropped on either the
        running application or the application icon in Finder.

        @onlyfor{wxmac}
    */
    virtual void MacOpenFile(const wxString& fileName);

    /**
        Called in response of a "get-url" Apple event.

        @onlyfor{wxmac}
    */
    virtual void MacOpenURL(const wxString& url);

    /**
        Called in response of a "print-document" Apple event.

        @onlyfor{wxmac}
    */
    virtual void MacPrintFile(const wxString& fileName);

    /**
        Called in response of a "reopen-application" Apple event.

        @onlyfor{wxmac}
    */
    virtual void MacReopenApp();

    //@}


    /**
        @name Callbacks for application-wide "events"
    */
    //@{

    /**
        This function is called when an assert failure occurs, i.e. the condition
        specified in wxASSERT() macro evaluated to @false.

        It is only called in debug mode (when @c __WXDEBUG__ is defined) as
        asserts are not left in the release code at all.
        The base class version shows the default assert failure dialog box proposing to
        the user to stop the program, continue or ignore all subsequent asserts.

        @param file
            the name of the source file where the assert occurred
        @param line
            the line number in this file where the assert occurred
        @param func
            the name of the function where the assert occurred, may be
            empty if the compiler doesn't support C99 __FUNCTION__
        @param cond
            the condition of the failed assert in text form
        @param msg
            the message specified as argument to wxASSERT_MSG or wxFAIL_MSG, will
            be @NULL if just wxASSERT or wxFAIL was used
    */
    virtual void OnAssertFailure(const wxChar *file,
                                 int line,
                                 const wxChar *func,
                                 const wxChar *cond,
                                 const wxChar *msg);

    /**
        Called when command line parsing fails (i.e. an incorrect command line option
        was specified by the user). The default behaviour is to show the program usage
        text and abort the program.

        Return @true to continue normal execution or @false to return
        @false from OnInit() thus terminating the program.

        @see OnInitCmdLine()
    */
    virtual bool OnCmdLineError(wxCmdLineParser& parser);

    /**
        Called when the help option (@c --help) was specified on the command line.
        The default behaviour is to show the program usage text and abort the program.

        Return @true to continue normal execution or @false to return
        @false from OnInit() thus terminating the program.

        @see OnInitCmdLine()
    */
    virtual bool OnCmdLineHelp(wxCmdLineParser& parser);

    /**
        Called after the command line had been successfully parsed. You may override
        this method to test for the values of the various parameters which could be
        set from the command line.

        Don't forget to call the base class version unless you want to suppress
        processing of the standard command line options.
        Return @true to continue normal execution or @false to return @false from
        OnInit() thus terminating the program.

        @see OnInitCmdLine()
    */
    virtual bool OnCmdLineParsed(wxCmdLineParser& parser);

    /**
        This function is called if an unhandled exception occurs inside the main
        application event loop. It can return @true to ignore the exception and to
        continue running the loop or @false to exit the loop and terminate the
        program. In the latter case it can also use C++ @c throw keyword to
        rethrow the current exception.

        The default behaviour of this function is the latter in all ports except under
        Windows where a dialog is shown to the user which allows him to choose between
        the different options. You may override this function in your class to do
        something more appropriate.

        Finally note that if the exception is rethrown from here, it can be caught in
        OnUnhandledException().
    */
    virtual bool OnExceptionInMainLoop();

    /**
        Override this member function for any processing which needs to be
        done as the application is about to exit. OnExit is called after
        destroying all application windows and controls, but before
        wxWidgets cleanup. Note that it is not called at all if
        OnInit() failed.

        The return value of this function is currently ignored, return the same
        value as returned by the base class method if you override it.
    */
    virtual int OnExit();

    /**
        This function may be called if something fatal happens: an unhandled
        exception under Win32 or a a fatal signal under Unix, for example. However,
        this will not happen by default: you have to explicitly call
        wxHandleFatalExceptions() to enable this.

        Generally speaking, this function should only show a message to the user and
        return. You may attempt to save unsaved data but this is not guaranteed to
        work and, in fact, probably won't.

        @see wxHandleFatalExceptions()
    */
    virtual void OnFatalException();

    /**
        This must be provided by the application, and will usually create the
        application's main window, optionally calling SetTopWindow().

        You may use OnExit() to clean up anything initialized here, provided
        that the function returns @true.

        Notice that if you want to to use the command line processing provided by
        wxWidgets you have to call the base class version in the derived class
        OnInit().

        Return @true to continue processing, @false to exit the application
        immediately.
    */
    virtual bool OnInit();

    /**
        Called from OnInit() and may be used to initialize the parser with the
        command line options for this application. The base class versions adds
        support for a few standard options only.
    */
    virtual void OnInitCmdLine(wxCmdLineParser& parser);

    /**
        This virtual function is where the execution of a program written in wxWidgets
        starts. The default implementation just enters the main loop and starts
        handling the events until it terminates, either because ExitMainLoop() has
        been explicitly called or because the last frame has been deleted and
        GetExitOnFrameDelete() flag is @true (this is the default).

        The return value of this function becomes the exit code of the program, so it
        should return 0 in case of successful termination.
    */
    virtual int OnRun();

    /**
        This function is called when an unhandled C++ exception occurs inside
        OnRun() (the exceptions which occur during the program startup and shutdown
        might not be caught at all). Notice that by now the main event loop has been
        terminated and the program will exit, if you want to prevent this from happening
        (i.e. continue running after catching an exception) you need to override
        OnExceptionInMainLoop().

        The default implementation shows information about the exception in debug build
        but does nothing in the release build.
    */
    virtual void OnUnhandledException();

    //@}


    /**
        @name Application informations
    */
    //@{

    /**
        Returns the user-readable application name.

        The difference between this string and the one returned by GetAppName()
        is that this one is meant to be shown to the user and so should be used
        for the window titles, page headers and so on while the other one
        should be only used internally, e.g. for the file names or
        configuration file keys. By default, returns the application name as
        returned by GetAppName() capitalized using wxString::Capitalize().

        @since 2.9.0
    */
    wxString GetAppDisplayName() const;

    /**
        Returns the application name.

        @remarks wxWidgets sets this to a reasonable default before calling
                 OnInit(), but the application can reset it at will.

        @see GetAppDisplayName()
    */
    wxString GetAppName() const;

    /**
        Gets the class name of the application. The class name may be used in a
        platform specific manner to refer to the application.

        @see SetClassName()
    */
    wxString GetClassName() const;

    /**
        Returns a pointer to the wxAppTraits object for the application.
        If you want to customize the wxAppTraits object, you must override the
        CreateTraits() function.
    */
    wxAppTraits* GetTraits();

    /**
        Returns the user-readable vendor name. The difference between this string
        and the one returned by GetVendorName() is that this one is meant to be shown
        to the user and so should be used for the window titles, page headers and so on
        while the other one should be only used internally, e.g. for the file names or
        configuration file keys.

        By default, returns the same string as GetVendorName().

        @since 2.9.0
    */
    const wxString& GetVendorDisplayName() const;

    /**
        Returns the application's vendor name.
    */
    const wxString& GetVendorName() const;

    /**
        Set the application name to be used in the user-visible places such as
        window titles.

        See GetAppDisplayName() for more about the differences between the
        display name and name.

        Notice that if this function is called, the name is used as is, without
        any capitalization as done by default by GetAppDisplayName().
    */
    void SetAppDisplayName(const wxString& name);

    /**
        Sets the name of the application. This name should be used for file names,
        configuration file entries and other internal strings. For the user-visible
        strings, such as the window titles, the application display name set by
        SetAppDisplayName() is used instead.

        By default the application name is set to the name of its executable file.

        @see GetAppName()
    */
    void SetAppName(const wxString& name);

    /**
        Sets the class name of the application. This may be used in a platform specific
        manner to refer to the application.

        @see GetClassName()
    */
    void SetClassName(const wxString& name);

    /**
        Set the vendor name to be used in the user-visible places.
        See GetVendorDisplayName() for more about the differences between the
        display name and name.
    */
    void SetVendorDisplayName(const wxString& name);

    /**
        Sets the name of application's vendor. The name will be used
        in registry access. A default name is set by wxWidgets.

        @see GetVendorName()
    */
    void SetVendorName(const wxString& name);

    //@}


    /**
        Number of command line arguments (after environment-specific processing).
    */
    int argc;

    /**
        Command line arguments (after environment-specific processing).

        Under Windows and Linux/Unix, you should parse the command line
        arguments and check for files to be opened when starting your
        application. Under OS X, you need to override MacOpenFile()
        since command line arguments are used differently there.

        You may use the wxCmdLineParser to parse command line arguments.
    */
    wxChar** argv;
};




/**
    @class wxApp

    The wxApp class represents the application itself when @c wxUSE_GUI=1.

    In addition to the features provided by wxAppConsole it keeps track of
    the <em>top window</em> (see SetTopWindow()) and adds support for
    video modes (see SetVideoMode()).

    In general, application-wide settings for GUI-only apps are accessible
    from wxApp (or from wxSystemSettings or wxSystemOptions classes).

    @library{wxbase}
    @category{appmanagement}

    @see @ref overview_app, wxAppTraits, wxEventLoopBase, wxSystemSettings
*/
class wxApp : public wxAppConsole
{
public:
    /**
        Constructor. Called implicitly with a definition of a wxApp object.
    */
    wxApp();

    /**
        Destructor. Will be called implicitly on program exit if the wxApp
        object is created on the stack.
    */
    virtual ~wxApp();

    /**
        Get display mode that is used use. This is only used in framebuffer
        wxWin ports (such as wxMGL or wxDFB).
    */
    virtual wxVideoMode GetDisplayMode() const;

    /**
        Returns @true if the application will exit when the top-level frame is deleted.

        @see SetExitOnFrameDelete()
    */
    bool GetExitOnFrameDelete() const;

    /**
        Return the layout direction for the current locale or @c wxLayout_Default
        if it's unknown.
    */
    virtual wxLayoutDirection GetLayoutDirection() const;

    /**
        Returns @true if the application will use the best visual on systems that support
        different visuals, @false otherwise.

        @see SetUseBestVisual()
    */
    bool GetUseBestVisual() const;

    /**
        Returns a pointer to the top window.

        @remarks
            If the top window hasn't been set using SetTopWindow(), this function
            will find the first top-level window (frame or dialog or instance of
            wxTopLevelWindow) from the internal top level window list and return that.

        @see SetTopWindow()
    */
    virtual wxWindow* GetTopWindow() const;

    /**
        Returns @true if the application is active, i.e. if one of its windows is
        currently in the foreground.

        If this function returns @false and you need to attract users attention to
        the application, you may use wxTopLevelWindow::RequestUserAttention to do it.
    */
    virtual bool IsActive() const;

    /**
        This function is similar to wxYield(), except that it disables the user
        input to all program windows before calling wxAppConsole::Yield and re-enables it
        again afterwards. If @a win is not @NULL, this window will remain enabled,
        allowing the implementation of some limited user interaction.
        Returns the result of the call to wxAppConsole::Yield.

        @see wxSafeYield
    */
    virtual bool SafeYield(wxWindow *win, bool onlyIfNeeded);

    /**
        Works like SafeYield() with @e onlyIfNeeded == @true except that
        it allows the caller to specify a mask of events to be processed.

        See wxAppConsole::YieldFor for more info.
    */
    virtual bool SafeYieldFor(wxWindow *win, long eventsToProcess);

    /**
        Windows-only function for processing a message. This function is called
        from the main message loop, checking for windows that may wish to process it.

        The function returns @true if the message was processed, @false otherwise.
        If you use wxWidgets with another class library with its own message loop,
        you should make sure that this function is called to allow wxWidgets to
        receive messages. For example, to allow co-existence with the Microsoft
        Foundation Classes, override the PreTranslateMessage function:

        @code
        // Provide wxWidgets message loop compatibility
        BOOL CTheApp::PreTranslateMessage(MSG *msg)
        {
            if (wxTheApp && wxTheApp->ProcessMessage((WXMSW *)msg))
                return true;
            else
                return CWinApp::PreTranslateMessage(msg);
        }
        @endcode

        @onlyfor{wxmsw}
    */
    bool ProcessMessage(WXMSG* msg);

    /**
        Sends idle events to a window and its children.
        Please note that this function is internal to wxWidgets and shouldn't be used
        by user code.

        @remarks These functions poll the top-level windows, and their children,
                 for idle event processing. If @true is returned, more OnIdle
                 processing is requested by one or more window.

        @see wxIdleEvent
    */
    virtual bool SendIdleEvents(wxWindow* win, wxIdleEvent& event);

    /**
        Set display mode to use. This is only used in framebuffer wxWin
        ports (such as wxMGL or wxDFB). This method should be called from
        wxApp::OnInitGui.
    */
    virtual bool SetDisplayMode(const wxVideoMode& info);

    /**
        Allows the programmer to specify whether the application will exit when the
        top-level frame is deleted.

        @param flag
            If @true (the default), the application will exit when the top-level frame
            is deleted. If @false, the application will continue to run.

        @see GetExitOnFrameDelete(), @ref overview_app_shutdown
    */
    void SetExitOnFrameDelete(bool flag);

    /**
        Allows runtime switching of the UI environment theme.

        Currently implemented for wxGTK2-only.
        Return @true if theme was successfully changed.

        @param theme
            The name of the new theme or an absolute path to a gtkrc-theme-file
    */
    virtual bool SetNativeTheme(const wxString& theme);

    /**
        Sets the 'top' window. You can call this from within OnInit() to let wxWidgets
        know which is the main window. You don't have to set the top window;
        it is only a convenience so that (for example) certain dialogs without parents
        can use a specific window as the top window.

        If no top window is specified by the application, wxWidgets just uses the
        first frame or dialog (or better, any wxTopLevelWindow) in its top-level
        window list, when it needs to use the top window.
        If you previously called SetTopWindow() and now you need to restore this
        automatic behaviour you can call @code wxApp::SetTopWindow(NULL) @endcode.

        @param window
            The new top window.

        @see GetTopWindow(), OnInit()
    */
    void SetTopWindow(wxWindow* window);

    /**
        Allows the programmer to specify whether the application will use the best
        visual on systems that support several visual on the same display. This is typically
        the case under Solaris and IRIX, where the default visual is only 8-bit whereas
        certain applications are supposed to run in TrueColour mode.

        Note that this function has to be called in the constructor of the wxApp
        instance and won't have any effect when called later on.
        This function currently only has effect under GTK.

        @param flag
            If @true, the app will use the best visual.
        @param forceTrueColour
            If @true then the application will try to force using a TrueColour
            visual and abort the app if none is found.
    */
    void SetUseBestVisual(bool flag, bool forceTrueColour = false);
};



// ============================================================================
// Global functions/macros
// ============================================================================


/** @addtogroup group_funcmacro_rtti */
//@{

/**
    This is used in headers to create a forward declaration of the ::wxGetApp()
    function implemented by IMPLEMENT_APP().

    It creates the declaration <tt>className& wxGetApp()</tt>.

    @header{wx/app.h}

    Example:

    @code
    DECLARE_APP(MyApp)
    @endcode
*/
#define DECLARE_APP( className )

/**
    This is used in the application class implementation file to make the
    application class known to wxWidgets for dynamic construction.

    @header{wx/app.h}

    Example:

    @code
    IMPLEMENT_APP(MyApp)
    @endcode

    @see DECLARE_APP().
*/
#define IMPLEMENT_APP( className )

//@}



/**
    The global pointer to the singleton wxApp object.

    @see wxApp::GetInstance()
*/
wxApp *wxTheApp;



/** @addtogroup group_funcmacro_appinitterm */
//@{

/**
    This function doesn't exist in wxWidgets but it is created by using the
    IMPLEMENT_APP() macro.

    Thus, before using it anywhere but in the same module where this macro is
    used, you must make it available using DECLARE_APP().

    The advantage of using this function compared to directly using the global
    ::wxTheApp pointer is that the latter is of type wxApp* and so wouldn't
    allow you to access the functions specific to your application class but
    not present in wxApp while wxGetApp() returns the object of the right type.

    @header{wx/app.h}
*/
wxAppDerivedClass& wxGetApp();

/**
    If @a doIt is @true, the fatal exceptions (also known as general protection
    faults under Windows or segmentation violations in the Unix world) will be
    caught and passed to wxApp::OnFatalException.

    By default, i.e. before this function is called, they will be handled in
    the normal way which usually just means that the application will be
    terminated. Calling wxHandleFatalExceptions() with @a doIt equal to @false
    will restore this default behaviour.

    Notice that this function is only available if @c wxUSE_ON_FATAL_EXCEPTION
    is 1 and under Windows platform this requires a compiler with support for
    SEH (structured exception handling) which currently means only Microsoft
    Visual C++ or a recent Borland C++ version.

    @header{wx/app.h}
*/
bool wxHandleFatalExceptions(bool doIt = true);

/**
    This function is used in wxBase only and only if you don't create
    wxApp object at all. In this case you must call it from your
    @c main() function before calling any other wxWidgets functions.

    If the function returns @false the initialization could not be performed,
    in this case the library cannot be used and wxUninitialize() shouldn't be
    called neither.

    This function may be called several times but wxUninitialize() must be
    called for each successful call to this function.

    @header{wx/app.h}
*/
bool wxInitialize();

/**
    This function is for use in console (wxBase) programs only. It must be called
    once for each previous successful call to wxInitialize().

    @header{wx/app.h}
*/
void wxUninitialize();

/**
    This function wakes up the (internal and platform dependent) idle system,
    i.e. it will force the system to send an idle event even if the system
    currently @e is idle and thus would not send any idle event until after
    some other event would get sent. This is also useful for sending events
    between two threads and is used by the corresponding functions
    wxPostEvent() and wxEvtHandler::AddPendingEvent().

    @header{wx/app.h}
*/
void wxWakeUpIdle();

/**
    Calls wxAppConsole::Yield.

    @deprecated
    This function is kept only for backwards compatibility. Please use
    the wxAppConsole::Yield method instead in any new code.

    @header{wx/app.h}
*/
bool wxYield();

/**
    Calls wxApp::SafeYield.

    @header{wx/app.h}
*/
bool wxSafeYield(wxWindow* win = NULL, bool onlyIfNeeded = false);

/**
    This function initializes wxWidgets in a platform-dependent way. Use this if you
    are not using the default wxWidgets entry code (e.g. main or WinMain).

    For example, you can initialize wxWidgets from an Microsoft Foundation Classes
    (MFC) application using this function.

    @note This overload of wxEntry is available under all platforms.

    @see wxEntryStart()

    @header{wx/app.h}
*/
int wxEntry(int& argc, wxChar** argv);

/**
    See wxEntry(int&,wxChar**) for more info about this function.

    Notice that under Windows CE platform, and only there, the type of @a pCmdLine
    is @c wchar_t *, otherwise it is @c char *, even in Unicode build.

    @remarks To clean up wxWidgets, call wxApp::OnExit followed by the static
             function wxApp::CleanUp. For example, if exiting from an MFC application
             that also uses wxWidgets:
             @code
             int CTheApp::ExitInstance()
             {
                // OnExit isn't called by CleanUp so must be called explicitly.
                wxTheApp->OnExit();
                wxApp::CleanUp();

                return CWinApp::ExitInstance();
             }
             @endcode

    @header{wx/app.h}
*/
int wxEntry(HINSTANCE hInstance,
            HINSTANCE hPrevInstance = NULL,
            char* pCmdLine = NULL,
            int nCmdShow = SW_SHOWNORMAL);

//@}



/** @addtogroup group_funcmacro_procctrl */
//@{

/**
    Exits application after calling wxApp::OnExit.

    Should only be used in an emergency: normally the top-level frame
    should be deleted (after deleting all other frames) to terminate the
    application. See wxCloseEvent and wxApp.

    @header{wx/app.h}
*/
void wxExit();

//@}