3acf8a8d9b
This doesn't affect Unicode builds, only the legacy ANSI one. PO files are now always converted to the appropriate charset according to current locale. This was the default behavior for long time; not doing the conversion was always a fragile hack that didn't work well. Removing this flag simplifies wxLocale code. git-svn-id: https://svn.wxwidgets.org/svn/wx/wxWidgets/trunk@63993 c3d73ce0-8a6f-49c7-b76d-6d57e0e08775
178 lines
5.9 KiB
C
178 lines
5.9 KiB
C
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// Name: nonenglish.h
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// Purpose: topic overview
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// Author: wxWidgets team
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// RCS-ID: $Id$
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// Licence: wxWindows license
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/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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/**
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@page overview_nonenglish Writing Non-English Applications
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@li @ref overview_nonenglish_locales
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@li @ref overview_nonenglish_strings
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@li @ref overview_nonenglish_fontmapping
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@li @ref overview_nonenglish_converting
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@li @ref overview_nonenglish_help
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<hr>
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This article describes how to write applications that communicate with the user
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in a language other than English. Unfortunately many languages use different
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charsets under Unix and Windows (and other platforms, to make the situation
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even more complicated). These charsets usually differ in so many characters
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that it is impossible to use the same texts under all platforms.
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The wxWidgets library provides a mechanism that helps you avoid distributing
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many identical, only differently encoded, packages with your application (e.g.
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help files and menu items in iso8859-13 and windows-1257). Thanks to this
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mechanism you can, for example, distribute only iso8859-13 data and it will be
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handled transparently under all systems.
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Please read the @ref overview_i18n which describes the locales concept.
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In the following text, wherever @e iso8859-2 and @e windows-1250 are used, any
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encodings are meant and any encodings may be substituted there.
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@section overview_nonenglish_locales Locales
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The best way to ensure correctly displayed texts in a GUI across platforms is
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to use locales. Write your in-code messages in English or without diacritics
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and put real messages into the message catalog (see @ref overview_i18n).
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A standard .po file begins with a header like this:
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@code
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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
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# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
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#
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msgid ""
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msgstr ""
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"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
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"POT-Creation-Date: 1999-02-19 16:03+0100\n"
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"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
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"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
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"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
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"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
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"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING\n"
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@endcode
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Note this particular line:
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@code
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
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@endcode
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It specifies the charset used by the catalog. All strings in the catalog are
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encoded using this charset.
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You have to fill in proper charset information. Your .po file may look like
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this after doing so:
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@code
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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
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# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
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#
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msgid ""
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msgstr ""
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"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
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"POT-Creation-Date: 1999-02-19 16:03+0100\n"
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"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
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"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
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"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
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"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso8859-2\n"
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"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
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@endcode
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(Make sure that the header is @b not marked as @e fuzzy.)
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wxWidgets is able to use this catalog under any supported platform
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(although iso8859-2 is a Unix encoding and is normally not understood by
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Windows).
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How is this done? When you tell the wxLocale class to load a message catalog
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that contains a correct header, it checks the charset. The catalog is then
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converted to the charset used (see wxLocale::GetSystemEncoding and
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wxLocale::GetSystemEncodingName) by the user's operating system.
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@section overview_nonenglish_strings Non-English Strings or 8-bit Characters in Source
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By convention, you should only use characters without diacritics (i.e. 7-bit
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ASCII strings) for msgids in the source code and write them in English.
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If you port software to wxWindows, you may be confronted with legacy source
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code containing non-English string literals. Instead of translating the strings
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in the source code to English and putting the original strings into message
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catalog, you may configure wxWidgets to use non-English msgids and translate to
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English using message catalogs:
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@li If you use the program @c xgettext to extract the strings from the source
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code, specify the option <tt>--from-code=@<source code charset@></tt>.
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@li Specify the source code language and charset as arguments to
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wxLocale::AddCatalog. For example:
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@code
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locale.AddCatalog(wxT("myapp"), wxLANGUAGE_GERMAN, wxT("iso-8859-1"));
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@endcode
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@section overview_nonenglish_fontmapping Font Mapping
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You can use @ref overview_mbconv and wxFontMapper to display text:
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@code
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if (!wxFontMapper::Get()->IsEncodingAvailable(enc, facename))
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{
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wxFontEncoding alternative;
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if (wxFontMapper::Get()->GetAltForEncoding(enc, &alternative,
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facename, false))
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{
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wxCSConv convFrom(wxFontMapper::Get()->GetEncodingName(enc));
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wxCSConv convTo(wxFontMapper::Get()->GetEncodingName(alternative));
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text = wxString(text.mb_str(convFrom), convTo);
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}
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else
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...failure (or we may try iso8859-1/7bit ASCII)...
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}
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...display text...
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@endcode
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@section overview_nonenglish_converting Converting Data
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You may want to store all program data (created documents etc.) in the same
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encoding, let's say @c utf-8. You can use wxCSConv to convert data to the
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encoding used by the system your application is running on (see
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wxLocale::GetSystemEncoding).
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@section overview_nonenglish_help Help Files
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If you're using wxHtmlHelpController there is no problem at all. You only need
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to make sure that all the HTML files contain the META tag:
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@code
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso8859-2">
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@endcode
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Also, the hhp project file needs one additional line in the @c OPTIONS section:
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@code
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Charset=iso8859-2
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@endcode
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This additional entry tells the HTML help controller what encoding is used in
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contents and index tables.
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*/
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