552861bf30
git-svn-id: https://svn.wxwidgets.org/svn/wx/wxWidgets/trunk@16016 c3d73ce0-8a6f-49c7-b76d-6d57e0e08775
338 lines
11 KiB
HTML
338 lines
11 KiB
HTML
<HTML>
|
|
<HEAD>
|
|
<!-- This HTML file has been created by texi2html 1.54
|
|
from gettext.texi on 25 January 1999 -->
|
|
|
|
<TITLE>GNU gettext utilities - Making the Initial PO File</TITLE>
|
|
<link href="gettext_5.html" rel=Next>
|
|
<link href="gettext_3.html" rel=Previous>
|
|
<link href="gettext_toc.html" rel=ToC>
|
|
|
|
</HEAD>
|
|
<BODY>
|
|
<p>Go to the <A HREF="gettext_1.html">first</A>, <A HREF="gettext_3.html">previous</A>, <A HREF="gettext_5.html">next</A>, <A HREF="gettext_12.html">last</A> section, <A HREF="gettext_toc.html">table of contents</A>.
|
|
<P><HR><P>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<H1><A NAME="SEC19" HREF="gettext_toc.html#TOC19">Making the Initial PO File</A></H1>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<H2><A NAME="SEC20" HREF="gettext_toc.html#TOC20">Invoking the <CODE>xgettext</CODE> Program</A></H2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
xgettext [<VAR>option</VAR>] <VAR>inputfile</VAR> ...
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
|
|
<DL COMPACT>
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`-a'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--extract-all'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Extract all strings.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`-c [<VAR>tag</VAR>]'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--add-comments[=<VAR>tag</VAR>]'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Place comment block with <VAR>tag</VAR> (or those preceding keyword lines)
|
|
in output file.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`-C'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--c++'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Recognize C++ style comments.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--debug'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Use the flags <KBD>c-format</KBD> and <KBD>possible-c-format</KBD> to show who was
|
|
responsible for marking a message as a format string. The later form is
|
|
used if the <CODE>xgettext</CODE> program decided, the format form is used if
|
|
the programmer prescribed it.
|
|
|
|
By default only the <KBD>c-format</KBD> form is used. The translator should
|
|
not have to care about these details.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`-d <VAR>name</VAR>'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--default-domain=<VAR>name</VAR>'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Use <TT>`<VAR>name</VAR>.po'</TT> for output (instead of <TT>`messages.po'</TT>).
|
|
|
|
The special domain name <TT>`-'</TT> or <TT>`/dev/stdout'</TT> means to write
|
|
the output to <TT>`stdout'</TT>.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`-D <VAR>directory</VAR>'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--directory=<VAR>directory</VAR>'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Change to <VAR>directory</VAR> before beginning to search and scan source
|
|
files. The resulting <TT>`.po'</TT> file will be written relative to the
|
|
original directory, though.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`-f <VAR>file</VAR>'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--files-from=<VAR>file</VAR>'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Read the names of the input files from <VAR>file</VAR> instead of getting
|
|
them from the command line.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--force'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Always write output file even if no message is defined.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`-h'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--help'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Display this help and exit.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`-I <VAR>list</VAR>'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--input-path=<VAR>list</VAR>'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
List of directories searched for input files.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`-j'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--join-existing'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Join messages with existing file.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`-k <VAR>word</VAR>'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--keyword[=<VAR>word</VAR>]'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Additional keyword to be looked for (without <VAR>word</VAR> means not to
|
|
use default keywords).
|
|
|
|
The default keywords, which are always looked for if not explicitly
|
|
disabled, are <CODE>gettext</CODE>, <CODE>dgettext</CODE>, <CODE>dcgettext</CODE> and
|
|
<CODE>gettext_noop</CODE>.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`-m [<VAR>string</VAR>]'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--msgstr-prefix[=<VAR>string</VAR>]'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Use <VAR>string</VAR> or "" as prefix for msgstr entries.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`-M [<VAR>string</VAR>]'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--msgstr-suffix[=<VAR>string</VAR>]'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Use <VAR>string</VAR> or "" as suffix for msgstr entries.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--no-location'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Do not write <SAMP>`#: <VAR>filename</VAR>:<VAR>line</VAR>'</SAMP> lines.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`-n'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--add-location'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Generate <SAMP>`#: <VAR>filename</VAR>:<VAR>line</VAR>'</SAMP> lines (default).
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--omit-header'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Don't write header with <SAMP>`msgid ""'</SAMP> entry.
|
|
|
|
This is useful for testing purposes because it eliminates a source
|
|
of variance for generated <CODE>.gmo</CODE> files. We can ship some of
|
|
these files in the GNU <CODE>gettext</CODE> package, and the result of
|
|
regenerating them through <CODE>msgfmt</CODE> should yield the same values.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`-p <VAR>dir</VAR>'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--output-dir=<VAR>dir</VAR>'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Output files will be placed in directory <VAR>dir</VAR>.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`-s'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--sort-output'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Generate sorted output and remove duplicates.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--strict'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Write out strict Uniforum conforming PO file.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`-v'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--version'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Output version information and exit.
|
|
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`-x <VAR>file</VAR>'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
<DT><SAMP>`--exclude-file=<VAR>file</VAR>'</SAMP>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Entries from <VAR>file</VAR> are not extracted.
|
|
|
|
</DL>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
Search path for supplementary PO files is:
|
|
<TT>`/usr/local/share/nls/src/'</TT>.
|
|
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
If <VAR>inputfile</VAR> is <SAMP>`-'</SAMP>, standard input is read.
|
|
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
This implementation of <CODE>xgettext</CODE> is able to process a few awkward
|
|
cases, like strings in preprocessor macros, ANSI concatenation of
|
|
adjacent strings, and escaped end of lines for continued strings.
|
|
|
|
</P>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<H2><A NAME="SEC21" HREF="gettext_toc.html#TOC21">C Sources Context</A></H2>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
PO mode is particularly powerful when used with PO files
|
|
created through GNU <CODE>gettext</CODE> utilities, as those utilities
|
|
insert special comments in the PO files they generate.
|
|
Some of these special comments relate the PO file entry to
|
|
exactly where the untranslated string appears in the program sources.
|
|
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
When the translator gets to an untranslated entry, she is fairly
|
|
often faced with an original string which is not as informative as
|
|
it normally should be, being succinct, cryptic, or otherwise ambiguous.
|
|
Before choosing how to translate the string, she needs to understand
|
|
better what the string really means and how tight the translation has
|
|
to be. Most of the time, when problems arise, the only way left to make
|
|
her judgment is looking at the true program sources from where this
|
|
string originated, searching for surrounding comments the programmer
|
|
might have put in there, and looking around for helping clues of
|
|
<EM>any</EM> kind.
|
|
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
Surely, when looking at program sources, the translator will receive
|
|
more help if she is a fluent programmer. However, even if she is
|
|
not versed in programming and feels a little lost in C code, the
|
|
translator should not be shy at taking a look, once in a while.
|
|
It is most probable that she will still be able to find some of the
|
|
hints she needs. She will learn quickly to not feel uncomfortable
|
|
in program code, paying more attention to programmer's comments,
|
|
variable and function names (if he dared choosing them well), and
|
|
overall organization, than to the program code itself.
|
|
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
The following commands are meant to help the translator at getting
|
|
program source context for a PO file entry.
|
|
|
|
</P>
|
|
<DL COMPACT>
|
|
|
|
<DT><KBD>s</KBD>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Resume the display of a program source context, or cycle through them.
|
|
|
|
<DT><KBD>M-s</KBD>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Display of a program source context selected by menu.
|
|
|
|
<DT><KBD>S</KBD>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Add a directory to the search path for source files.
|
|
|
|
<DT><KBD>M-S</KBD>
|
|
<DD>
|
|
Delete a directory from the search path for source files.
|
|
|
|
</DL>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
The commands <KBD>s</KBD> (<CODE>po-cycle-reference</CODE>) and <KBD>M-s</KBD>
|
|
(<CODE>po-select-source-reference</CODE>) both open another window displaying
|
|
some source program file, and already positioned in such a way that
|
|
it shows an actual use of the string to be translated. By doing
|
|
so, the command gives source program context for the string. But if
|
|
the entry has no source context references, or if all references
|
|
are unresolved along the search path for program sources, then the
|
|
command diagnoses this as an error.
|
|
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
Even if <KBD>s</KBD> (or <KBD>M-s</KBD>) opens a new window, the cursor stays
|
|
in the PO file window. If the translator really wants to
|
|
get into the program source window, she ought to do it explicitly,
|
|
maybe by using command <KBD>O</KBD>.
|
|
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
When <KBD>s</KBD> is typed for the first time, or for a PO file entry which
|
|
is different of the last one used for getting source context, then the
|
|
command reacts by giving the first context available for this entry,
|
|
if any. If some context has already been recently displayed for the
|
|
current PO file entry, and the translator wandered off to do other
|
|
things, typing <KBD>s</KBD> again will merely resume, in another window,
|
|
the context last displayed. In particular, if the translator moved
|
|
the cursor away from the context in the source file, the command will
|
|
bring the cursor back to the context. By using <KBD>s</KBD> many times
|
|
in a row, with no other commands intervening, PO mode will cycle to
|
|
the next available contexts for this particular entry, getting back
|
|
to the first context once the last has been shown.
|
|
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
The command <KBD>M-s</KBD> behaves differently. Instead of cycling through
|
|
references, it lets the translator choose of particular reference among
|
|
many, and displays that reference. It is best used with completion,
|
|
if the translator types <KBD>TAB</KBD> immediately after <KBD>M-s</KBD>, in
|
|
response to the question, she will be offered a menu of all possible
|
|
references, as a reminder of which are the acceptable answers.
|
|
This command is useful only where there are really many contexts
|
|
available for a single string to translate.
|
|
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
Program source files are usually found relative to where the PO
|
|
file stands. As a special provision, when this fails, the file is
|
|
also looked for, but relative to the directory immediately above it.
|
|
Those two cases take proper care of most PO files. However, it might
|
|
happen that a PO file has been moved, or is edited in a different
|
|
place than its normal location. When this happens, the translator
|
|
should tell PO mode in which directory normally sits the genuine PO
|
|
file. Many such directories may be specified, and all together, they
|
|
constitute what is called the <STRONG>search path</STRONG> for program sources.
|
|
The command <KBD>S</KBD> (<CODE>po-consider-source-path</CODE>) is used to interactively
|
|
enter a new directory at the front of the search path, and the command
|
|
<KBD>M-S</KBD> (<CODE>po-ignore-source-path</CODE>) is used to select, with completion,
|
|
one of the directories she does not want anymore on the search path.
|
|
|
|
</P>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<H2><A NAME="SEC22" HREF="gettext_toc.html#TOC22">Using Translation Compendiums</A></H2>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
Compendiums are yet to be implemented.
|
|
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
An incoming PO mode feature will let the translator maintain a
|
|
compendium of already achieved translations. A <STRONG>compendium</STRONG>
|
|
is a special PO file containing a set of translations recurring in
|
|
many different packages. The translator will be given commands for
|
|
adding entries to her compendium, and later initializing untranslated
|
|
entries, or updating already translated entries, from translations
|
|
kept in the compendium. For this to work, however, the compendium
|
|
would have to be normalized. See section <A HREF="gettext_2.html#SEC12">Normalizing Strings in Entries</A>.
|
|
|
|
</P>
|
|
|
|
<P><HR><P>
|
|
<p>Go to the <A HREF="gettext_1.html">first</A>, <A HREF="gettext_3.html">previous</A>, <A HREF="gettext_5.html">next</A>, <A HREF="gettext_12.html">last</A> section, <A HREF="gettext_toc.html">table of contents</A>.
|
|
</BODY>
|
|
</HTML>
|