///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Name: cmdline.h // Purpose: interface of wxCmdLineParser // Author: wxWidgets team // RCS-ID: $Id$ // Licence: wxWindows license ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// /** wxCmdLineEntryDesc::flags field is a combination of these bit masks. Notice that by default (i.e. if flags are just 0), options are optional (sic) and each call to wxCmdLineEntryDesc::AddParam() allows one more parameter - this may be changed by giving non-default flags to it, i.e. use wxCMD_LINE_OPTION_MANDATORY to require that the option is given and wxCMD_LINE_PARAM_OPTIONAL to make a parameter optional. Also, wxCMD_LINE_PARAM_MULTIPLE may be specified if the programs accepts a variable number of parameters - but it only can be given for the last parameter in the command line description. If you use this flag, you will probably need to use wxCmdLineEntryDesc::GetParamCount() to retrieve the number of parameters effectively specified after calling wxCmdLineEntryDesc::Parse(). wxCMD_LINE_NEEDS_SEPARATOR can be specified to require a separator (either a colon, an equal sign or white space) between the option name and its value. By default, no separator is required. */ enum { wxCMD_LINE_OPTION_MANDATORY = 0x01, ///< This option must be given. wxCMD_LINE_PARAM_OPTIONAL = 0x02, ///< The parameter may be omitted. wxCMD_LINE_PARAM_MULTIPLE = 0x04, ///< The parameter may be repeated. wxCMD_LINE_OPTION_HELP = 0x08, ///< This option is a help request. wxCMD_LINE_NEEDS_SEPARATOR = 0x10 ///< Must have a separator before the value. }; /** The possible values of wxCmdLineEntryDesc::type which specifies the type of the value accepted by an option. */ enum wxCmdLineParamType { wxCMD_LINE_VAL_STRING, wxCMD_LINE_VAL_NUMBER, wxCMD_LINE_VAL_DATE, wxCMD_LINE_VAL_DOUBLE, wxCMD_LINE_VAL_NONE }; /** The type of a command line entity used for wxCmdLineEntryDesc::kind. */ enum wxCmdLineEntryType { wxCMD_LINE_SWITCH, wxCMD_LINE_OPTION, wxCMD_LINE_PARAM, wxCMD_LINE_USAGE_TEXT, wxCMD_LINE_NONE ///< Use this to terminate the list. }; /** Flags determining wxCmdLineParser::ConvertStringToArgs() behaviour. */ enum wxCmdLineSplitType { wxCMD_LINE_SPLIT_DOS, wxCMD_LINE_SPLIT_UNIX }; /** The structure wxCmdLineEntryDesc is used to describe the one command line switch, option or parameter. An array of such structures should be passed to wxCmdLineParser::SetDesc(). Also, the meanings of parameters of the wxCmdLineParser::AddXXX() functions are the same as of the corresponding fields in this structure. */ struct wxCmdLineEntryDesc { wxCmdLineEntryType kind; /** This is the usual, short, name of the switch or the option. */ const char *shortName; /** @c longName is the corresponding long name or empty if the option has no long name. Both of these fields are unused for the parameters. Both the short and long option names can contain only letters, digits and the underscores. */ const char *longName; /** This description is used by the wxCmdLineEntryDesc::Usage() method to construct a help message explaining the syntax of the program. */ const char *description; wxCmdLineParamType type; int flags; }; /** @class wxCmdLineParser wxCmdLineParser is a class for parsing the command line. It has the following features: - distinguishes options, switches and parameters - allows option grouping - allows both short and long options - automatically generates the usage message from the command line description - checks types of the options values (number, date, ...). To use it you should follow these steps: -# @ref cmdlineparser_construction "Construct" an object of this class giving it the command line to parse and optionally its description or use the @c AddXXX() functions later. -# Call Parse(). -# Use Found() to retrieve the results. You can also use wxApp's default command line processing just overriding wxAppConsole::OnInitCmdLine() and wxAppConsole::OnCmdLineParsed(). In the documentation below the following terminology is used: - @b switch: This is a boolean option which can be given or not, but which doesn't have any value. We use the word switch to distinguish such boolean options from more generic options like those described below. For example, @c "-v" might be a switch meaning "enable verbose mode". - @b option: Option for us here is something which comes with a value 0 unlike a switch. For example, @c -o: @c filename might be an option for specifying the name of the output file. - @b parameter: This is a required program argument. - @b text: This is a text which can be shown in usage information. @section cmdlineparser_construction Construction Before Parse() can be called, the command line parser object must have the command line to parse and also the rules saying which switches, options and parameters are valid - this is called command line description in what follows. You have complete freedom of choice as to when specify the required information, the only restriction is that it must be done before calling Parse(). To specify the command line to parse you may use either one of constructors accepting it (wxCmdLineParser(int, char**) or wxCmdLineParser(const wxString&) usually) or, if you use the default constructor, you can do it later by calling SetCmdLine(). The same holds for command line description: it can be specified either in the constructor (with or without the command line itself) or constructed later using either SetDesc() or combination of AddSwitch(), AddOption(), AddParam() and AddUsageText() methods. Using constructors or SetDesc() uses a (usually const static) table containing the command line description. If you want to decide which options to accept during the run-time, using one of the AddXXX() functions above might be preferable. @section cmdlineparser_customization Customization wxCmdLineParser has several global options which may be changed by the application. All of the functions described in this section should be called before Parse(). First global option is the support for long (also known as GNU-style) options. The long options are the ones which start with two dashes and look like "--verbose", i.e. they generally are complete words and not some abbreviations of them. As long options are used by more and more applications, they are enabled by default, but may be disabled with DisableLongOptions(). Another global option is the set of characters which may be used to start an option (otherwise, the word on the command line is assumed to be a parameter). Under Unix, @c "-" is always used, but Windows has at least two common choices for this: @c "-" and @c "/". Some programs also use "+". The default is to use what suits most the current platform, but may be changed with SetSwitchChars() method. Finally, SetLogo() can be used to show some application-specific text before the explanation given by Usage() function. @section cmdlineparser_parsing Parsing the Command Line After the command line description was constructed and the desired options were set, you can finally call Parse() method. It returns 0 if the command line was correct and was parsed, -1 if the help option was specified (this is a separate case as, normally, the program will terminate after this) or a positive number if there was an error during the command line parsing. In the latter case, the appropriate error message and usage information are logged by wxCmdLineParser itself using the standard wxWidgets logging functions. @section cmdlineparser_results Getting Results After calling Parse() (and if it returned 0), you may access the results of parsing using one of overloaded Found() methods. For a simple switch, you will simply call Found to determine if the switch was given or not, for an option or a parameter, you will call a version of Found() which also returns the associated value in the provided variable. All Found() functions return true if the switch or option were found in the command line or false if they were not specified. @library{wxbase} @category{appmanagement} @see wxApp::argc, wxApp::argv, @ref page_samples_console */ class wxCmdLineParser { public: /** Default constructor, you must use SetCmdLine() later. */ wxCmdLineParser(); /** Constructor which specifies the command line to parse. This is the traditional (Unix) command line format. The parameters @a argc and @a argv have the same meaning as the typical @c main() function. This constructor is available in both ANSI and Unicode modes because under some platforms the command line arguments are passed as ASCII strings even to Unicode programs. */ wxCmdLineParser(int argc, char** argv); /** Constructor which specifies the command line to parse. This is the traditional (Unix) command line format. The parameters @a argc and @a argv have the same meaning as the typical @c main() function. This constructor is only available in Unicode build. */ wxCmdLineParser(int argc, wchar_t** argv); /** Constructor which specify the command line to parse in Windows format. The parameter cmdline has the same meaning as the corresponding parameter of @c WinMain(). */ wxCmdLineParser(const wxString& cmdline); /** Specifies the @ref SetDesc() "command line description" but not the command line. You must use SetCmdLine() later. */ wxCmdLineParser(const wxCmdLineEntryDesc* desc); /** Specifies both the command line (in Unix format) and the @ref SetDesc() "command line description". */ wxCmdLineParser(const wxCmdLineEntryDesc* desc, int argc, char** argv); /** Specifies both the command line (in Windows format) and the @ref SetDesc() "command line description". */ wxCmdLineParser(const wxCmdLineEntryDesc* desc, const wxString& cmdline); /** Frees resources allocated by the object. @note This destructor is not virtual, don't use this class polymorphically. */ ~wxCmdLineParser(); /** Add an option @a name with an optional long name @a lng (no long name if it is empty, which is default) taking a value of the given type (string by default) to the command line description. */ void AddOption(const wxString& name, const wxString& lng = wxEmptyString, const wxString& desc = wxEmptyString, wxCmdLineParamType type = wxCMD_LINE_VAL_STRING, int flags = 0); /** Add a parameter of the given @a type to the command line description. */ void AddParam(const wxString& desc = wxEmptyString, wxCmdLineParamType type = wxCMD_LINE_VAL_STRING, int flags = 0); /** Add a switch @a name with an optional long name @a lng (no long name if it is empty, which is default), description @a desc and flags @a flags to the command line description. */ void AddSwitch(const wxString& name, const wxString& lng = wxEmptyString, const wxString& desc = wxEmptyString, int flags = 0); /** Add a string @a text to the command line description shown by Usage(). @since 2.9.0 */ void AddUsageText(const wxString& text); /** Returns @true if long options are enabled, otherwise @false. @see EnableLongOptions() */ bool AreLongOptionsEnabled() const; /** Breaks down the string containing the full command line in words. Words are separated by whitespace and double quotes can be used to preserve the spaces inside the words. By default, this function uses Windows-like word splitting algorithm, i.e. single quotes have no special meaning and backslash can't be used to escape spaces neither. With @c wxCMD_LINE_SPLIT_UNIX flag Unix semantics is used, i.e. both single and double quotes can be used and backslash can be used to escape all the other special characters. */ static wxArrayString ConvertStringToArgs(const wxString& cmdline, wxCmdLineSplitType flags = wxCMD_LINE_SPLIT_DOS); /** Identical to EnableLongOptions(@false). */ void DisableLongOptions(); /** Enable or disable support for the long options. As long options are not (yet) POSIX-compliant, this option allows to disable them. @see @ref cmdlineparser_customization and AreLongOptionsEnabled() */ void EnableLongOptions(bool enable = true); /** Returns @true if the given switch was found, @false otherwise. */ bool Found(const wxString& name) const; /** Returns true if an option taking a string value was found and stores the value in the provided pointer (which should not be @NULL). */ bool Found(const wxString& name, wxString* value) const; /** Returns @true if an option taking an integer value was found and stores the value in the provided pointer (which should not be @NULL). */ bool Found(const wxString& name, long* value) const; /** Returns @true if an option taking a float value was found and stores the value in the provided pointer (which should not be @NULL). */ bool Found(const wxString& name, double* value) const; /** Returns @true if an option taking a date value was found and stores the value in the provided pointer (which should not be @NULL). */ bool Found(const wxString& name, wxDateTime* value) const; /** Returns the value of Nth parameter (as string only). */ wxString GetParam(size_t n = 0) const; /** Returns the number of parameters found. This function makes sense mostly if you had used @c wxCMD_LINE_PARAM_MULTIPLE flag. */ size_t GetParamCount() const; /** Parse the command line, return 0 if ok, -1 if @c "-h" or @c "--help" option was encountered and the help message was given or a positive value if a syntax error occurred. @param giveUsage If @true (default), the usage message is given if a syntax error was encountered while parsing the command line or if help was requested. If @false, only error messages about possible syntax errors are given, use Usage to show the usage message from the caller if needed. */ int Parse(bool giveUsage = true); //@{ /** Set the command line to parse after using one of the constructors which don't do it. */ void SetCmdLine(int argc, char** argv); void SetCmdLine(int argc, wchar_t** argv); void SetCmdLine(const wxString& cmdline); //@} /** Constructs the command line description. Take the command line description from the wxCMD_LINE_NONE terminated table. Example of usage: @code static const wxCmdLineEntryDesc cmdLineDesc[] = { { wxCMD_LINE_SWITCH, "v", "verbose", "be verbose" }, { wxCMD_LINE_SWITCH, "q", "quiet", "be quiet" }, { wxCMD_LINE_OPTION, "o", "output", "output file" }, { wxCMD_LINE_OPTION, "i", "input", "input dir" }, { wxCMD_LINE_OPTION, "s", "size", "output block size", wxCMD_LINE_VAL_NUMBER }, { wxCMD_LINE_OPTION, "d", "date", "output file date", wxCMD_LINE_VAL_DATE }, { wxCMD_LINE_PARAM, NULL, NULL, "input file", wxCMD_LINE_VAL_STRING, wxCMD_LINE_PARAM_MULTIPLE }, { wxCMD_LINE_NONE } }; wxCmdLineParser parser; parser.SetDesc(cmdLineDesc); @endcode */ void SetDesc(const wxCmdLineEntryDesc* desc); /** The @a logo is some extra text which will be shown by Usage() method. */ void SetLogo(const wxString& logo); /** @a switchChars contains all characters with which an option or switch may start. Default is @c "-" for Unix, @c "-/" for Windows. */ void SetSwitchChars(const wxString& switchChars); /** Give the standard usage message describing all program options. It will use the options and parameters descriptions specified earlier, so the resulting message will not be helpful to the user unless the descriptions were indeed specified. @see SetLogo() */ void Usage() const; /** Return the string containing the program usage description. Call Usage() to directly show this string to the user. */ wxString GetUsageString() const; };