/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Name: wx/uilocale.h // Purpose: Interface of wxUILocale // Author: Vadim Zeitlin // Created: 2021-08-01 // Copyright: (c) 2021 Vadim Zeitlin // Licence: wxWindows licence /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// /** Flags for wxUILocale::CompareStrings() function. @since 3.1.6 */ enum { /// Compare strings case-sensitively, this is the default. wxCompare_CaseSensitive = 0, /** Ignore strings case when comparing. Note that this flag is not supported under POSIX systems, where it is simply ignored. */ wxCompare_CaseInsensitive = 1 }; /** Query and modify locale used for the UI by the current platform. UI locale determines all culture-dependent conventions used in the user interface, including numbers, currencies and dates formatting. It also determines the language used by the native dialogs, such as wxFileDialog, where different labels use the language corresponding to the current UI locale. The UI locale is, in general, different from C locale set by the standard @c setlocale() function and affecting C standard library functions such as @c printf(), @c scanf(), @c strftime() and many others. Unfortunately, the relationship between C and UI locales is not the same depending on the platform: with wxGTK they must be the same, but under macOS C locale must not be changed, as doing this exposes bugs in the system. Because of this, applications can't generally count on C locale being set to any particular value and it is best to avoid using it, including implicitly via the standard C functions, in portable code. Instead, consider using wxNumberFormatter for parsing and formatting numbers according to the current UI locale or wxString::FromCDouble() and wxString::ToCDouble() functions for doing it always using period as decimal separator. Localized applications should call wxUILocale::UseDefault() on startup to explicitly indicate that they opt-in using the current UI locale, even if this results in changing the global C locale, as is the case in wxGTK. Note that some platforms (MSW and macOS) will use default user locale for their standard dialogs even if this function is not called, but it is still necessary to call it to use the correct number and date formats and to avoid mixing messages in the user language with default formats not corresponding to it. Please also note that under macOS to really use the user locale, it must be listed as a supported language in the application @c Info.plist file under @c CFBundleLocalizations key. Unlike wxLocale class, this class doesn't affect the translations used by the application, see wxTranslations for doing this. @library{wxbase} @since 3.1.6 */ class wxUILocale { public: /** Configure the UI to use the default user locale. Localized applications should call this functions as early as possible during the program startup, e.g. in the very beginning of the overridden wxApp::OnInit(). Note that under most Unix systems (but not macOS) this function changes the C locale to the locale specified by the environment variables and so affects the results of calling C functions such as @c sprintf() etc which can use comma, rather than period, as decimal separator. The wxString::ToCDouble() and wxString::FromCDouble() functions can be used for parsing and formatting floating point numbers using period as decimal separator independently of the current locale. @return @true on success or @false if the default locale couldn't be set */ static bool UseDefault(); /** Get the object corresponding to the currently used locale. If UseDefault() had been called, this object corresponds to the default user locale. Otherwise it corresponds to a generic locale similar to "C" locale, i.e. always uses period as decimal separator and m/d/y date format. */ static const wxUILocale& GetCurrent(); /** Creates the local corresponding to the given language tag. This is exactly equivalent to using wxUILocale constructor with the locale identifier returned by wxLocaleIdent::FromTag(), but shorter. See wxLocaleIdent::FromTag() for more information about the syntax of the @a tag string. */ static wxUILocale FromTag(const wxString& tag); /** Creates the locale corresponding to the given locale identifier. In the simplest case, this can be used as following: @code const wxUILocale loc(wxLocaleIdent().Language("fr")); @endcode see wxLocaleIdent description for more details, including other ways of specifying the locale. If @a localeId is not recognized or not supported, default ("C") locale is used instead. Additionally, if @a localeId is empty (see wxLocaleIdent::IsEmpty()), an assertion failure is triggered. */ explicit wxUILocale(const wxLocaleIdent& localeId); /** Compares two strings using comparison rules of this locale. This function is useful for sorting the strings in the order expected by the user, e.g. by correctly sorting "ä" in the same way as "a" when using German locale, but not when using Swedish one, in which "ä" is sorted after "z". It can be used both with the current locale, and with any other supported locale, even under systems not supporting changing the UI locale, such as macOS. @param lhs First comparing string. @param rhs Second comparing string. @param flags Can be used to specify whether to compare strings case-sensitively (default) or not, by specifying ::wxCompare_CaseInsensitive (note that this flag only works under MSW and Mac and is simply ignored under the other platforms). @return -1 if @a lhs is less than @a rhs. 0 if @a lhs is equal to @a rhs. 1 if @a lhs is greater than @a rhs. */ int CompareStrings(const wxString& lhs, const wxString& rhs, int flags = wxCompare_CaseSensitive) const; /** Get the platform-dependent name of the current locale. This name can be used in diagnostic messages. */ wxString GetName() const; /** Get the locale id from which the current locale was instantiated. */ wxLocaleIdent GetLocaleId() const; /** Query the locale for the specified information. This function returns the value of the locale-specific option specified by the given @a index. @param index One of the elements of wxLocaleInfo enum. @param cat The category to use with the given index or wxLOCALE_CAT_DEFAULT if the index can only apply to a single category. @return The option value or empty string if the function failed. */ wxString GetInfo(wxLocaleInfo index, wxLocaleCategory cat = wxLOCALE_CAT_DEFAULT) const; /** Query the locale for the specified localized name. @param name One of the elements of wxLocaleName enum. @param form The representation form requested. @return The localized name value or empty string if the function failed. */ wxString GetLocalizedName(wxLocaleName name, wxLocaleForm form) const; /** Gets the full (default) or abbreviated name of the given month. This function returns the name in the current locale, use wxDateTime::GetEnglishMonthName() to get the untranslated name if necessary. @param month One of wxDateTime::Jan, ..., wxDateTime::Dec values. @param flags Either wxDateTime::Name_Full (default) or wxDateTime::Name_Abbr. @see GetWeekDayName() @since 3.2.3 */ wxString GetMonthName(wxDateTime::Month month, wxDateTime::NameFlags flags = wxDateTime::Name_Full); /** Gets the full (default) or abbreviated name of the given week day. This function returns the name in the current locale, use wxDateTime::GetEnglishWeekDayName() to get the untranslated name if necessary. @param weekday One of wxDateTime::Sun, ..., wxDateTime::Sat values. @param flags Either wxDateTime::Name_Full (default) or wxDateTime::Name_Abbr. @see GetMonthName() @since 3.2.3 */ wxString GetWeekDayName(wxDateTime::WeekDay weekday, wxDateTime::NameFlags flags = wxDateTime::Name_Full); /** Query the layout direction of the current locale. @return The layout direction or wxLayout_Default if the function failed. */ wxLayoutDirection GetLayoutDirection() const; /** Return true if locale is supported on the current system. If this function returns @a false, the other functions of this class, such as GetInfo() and CompareStrings(), behave as in "C" locale, i.e. it's still safe to call them, but their results don't reflect the rules for the locale in question, but just use the default (i.e. US English) conventions. */ bool IsSupported() const; /** Adds custom, user-defined language to the database of known languages. This database is used in conjunction with the first form of Init(). */ static void AddLanguage(const wxLanguageInfo& info); /** This function may be used to find the language description structure for the given locale, specified either as a two letter ISO language code (for example, "pt"), a language code followed by the country code ("pt_BR") or a full, human readable, language description ("Portuguese_Brazil"). Please note that only the underscore character is supported as the separator between language and region codes. Returns the information for the given language or @NULL if this language is unknown. Note that even if the returned pointer is valid, the caller should @e not delete it. @see GetLanguageInfo() */ static const wxLanguageInfo* FindLanguageInfo(const wxString& locale); /** This function may be used to find the language description structure for the given locale, specified as a locale identifier. Returns the information for the given language or @NULL if this language is unknown. Note that even if the returned pointer is valid, the caller should @e not delete it. @see GetLanguageInfo() */ static const wxLanguageInfo* FindLanguageInfo(const wxLocaleIdent& localeId); /** Returns a pointer to wxLanguageInfo structure containing information about the given language or @NULL if this language is unknown. Note that even if the returned pointer is valid, the caller should @e not delete it. See AddLanguage() for the wxLanguageInfo description. As with Init(), @c wxLANGUAGE_DEFAULT has the special meaning if passed as an argument to this function and in this case the result of GetSystemLanguage() is used. */ static const wxLanguageInfo* GetLanguageInfo(int lang); /** Returns English name of the given language or empty string if this language is unknown. See GetLanguageInfo() for a remark about special meaning of @c wxLANGUAGE_DEFAULT. */ static wxString GetLanguageName(int lang); /** Returns canonical name (see GetCanonicalName()) of the given language or empty string if this language is unknown. See GetLanguageInfo() for a remark about special meaning of @c wxLANGUAGE_DEFAULT. */ static wxString GetLanguageCanonicalName(int lang); /** Tries to detect the user's default user interface language setting. Returns the ::wxLanguage value or @c wxLANGUAGE_UNKNOWN if the language-guessing algorithm failed. @note Where possible this function returns the user's preferred UI @em language. This may be, and usually is, the same as the user's default locale, but it's not the same thing. If retrieving the preferred UI language is not supported by the operating system (for example, Windows 7 and below), the user's default @em locale will be used. @see wxTranslations::GetBestTranslation(), GetSystemLocaleId(). */ static int GetSystemLanguage(); /** Tries to detect the user's default locale setting. Returns the ::wxLanguage value or @c wxLANGUAGE_UNKNOWN if the locale-guessing algorithm failed or if the locale can't be described using solely a language constant. Consider using GetSystemLocaleId() in this case. @note This function works with @em locales and returns the user's default locale. This may be, and usually is, the same as their preferred UI language, but it's not the same thing. Use wxTranslation to obtain @em language information. @since 3.1.7 @see wxTranslations::GetBestTranslation(). */ static int GetSystemLocale(); /** Return the description of the default system locale. This function can always represent the system locale, even when using a language and region pair that doesn't correspond to any of the predefined ::wxLanguage constants, such as e.g. "fr-DE", which means French language used with German locale settings. @since 3.2.2 */ static wxLocaleIdent GetSystemLocaleId(); }; /** Return the format to use for formatting user-visible dates. This is a simple wrapper function normally calling wxUILocale::GetInfo() with wxLOCALE_SHORT_DATE_FMT argument, but which is also available when @c wxUSE_INTL==0, i.e. support for internationalization is disabled at compile-time, in which case it returns @c %x string, i.e. uses the current C locale formatting rather than UI locale. @see wxDateTime::Format() @since 3.1.6 */ wxString wxGetUIDateFormat(); /** Represents a locale in a portable way. There are two possible ways to construct wxLocaleIdent: - You can either use FromTag() to create it from a string in the form `language ["-" script] ["-" region]`, corresponding to the subset of BCP 47 (https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/bcp/bcp47.txt) syntax. - Or you can create it from the different parts of this string by using the default constructor and then chaining calls to Language(), Region(), Script() and other methods. The first method is useful for interoperating with the other software using BCP 47 language tags, while the second one may may result in more readable code and allows to specify Unix-specific locale description parts such as charset and modifier that are not part of the BCP 47 strings. Example of using wxLocaleIdent in the second way: @code auto loc = wxLocaleIdent().Language("fr").Region("BE").Modifier("euro"); #if defined(__WINDOWS__) || defined(__WXOSX__) wxASSERT( loc.GetName() == "fr_BE" ); #elif defined(__UNIX__) wxASSERT( loc.GetName() == "fr_BE@euro" ); #endif @endcode For the first way, it is enough to just write @code auto loc = wxLocaleIdent::FromTag("fr-BE"); // Dash, not underscore! @endcode @since 3.1.6 */ class wxLocaleIdent { public: /** Return the locale identifier corresponding to the given locale tag. This method accepts locale tags in various formats: - BCP-47, - Windows, - POSIX, - macOS. and - MSVC CRT. See section 2.01 of https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/bcp/bcp47.txt for the full BCP-47 syntax. Here we fully support just the subset we're interested in: - Normal language tags (not private use or grandfathered ones), - Script, and - Region. Additionally platform-specific tags are supported: - Extensions (without validity checks) (Windows only), - Sortorder (Windows only) - Charset (POSIX only), and - Modifier (POSIX only). Only language, script, and region are supported across all platforms. The script tag is mapped to the modifier tag for POSIX platforms. The script tag takes precedence, if a modifier is also specified. The following tag syntax is accepted: - BCP-47: \[-\][-\][-\] - Windows: \[-\][-\][-\][_\] - POSIX: \[_\][.\][@@\] - macOS: \[-\][_\] - MSVC CRT: \[_\][.\] The string must contain at least the language part (2 or 3 ASCII letters) and may contain script and region separated by dashes, i.e. all of the following are valid: - "mn" - "mn-MN" - "mn-Cyrl-MN" Note that while BCP 47 extlangs, variants, extensions, private use and grandfathered tags are currently not directly supported, they may still work for creating wxUILocale on platforms with native support for BCP 47 strings. If the input argument uses an unrecognized syntax (e.g. is empty), an empty wxLocaleIdent is returned. Of course, even if this function returns a non-empty object, the resulting locale may still be invalid or unsupported, use wxUILocale::IsSupported() to check for this. Note that the format "MSVC CRT" (Microsoft Visual C++ C RunTime) is only supported as an input format, so that locale names as returned by the CRT function setlocale can be handled, mainly for compatibility with wxLocale. */ static wxLocaleIdent FromTag(const wxString& tag); /** Default constructor creates an empty and invalid locale identifier. At least Language() must be called to make the identifier valid. */ wxLocaleIdent(); /** Set language. Return reference to `this` for method chaining. See https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/English_list.php for the list of all language codes. @param language A two-letter ISO 639-1 language code or a three-letter ISO 639-2 code for the languages without ISO 639-1 codes. */ wxLocaleIdent& Language(const wxString& language); /** Set region. Return reference to `this` for method chaining. @param region It specifies an uppercase ISO 3166-1 country/region identifier. */ wxLocaleIdent& Region(const wxString& region); /** Set script. Note that under Unix systems the script value is currently mapped to the modifier attribute using the script alias name, if the latter is known. Otherwise it is ignored. Return reference to `this` for method chaining. @param script It is an initial-uppercase ISO 15924 script code. */ wxLocaleIdent& Script(const wxString& script); /** Set charset. Note that this value is only used under Unix systems and simply ignored under the other ones. Return reference to `this` for method chaining. @param charset Charset is a string such as "UTF-8", "ISO855915" or "KOI8R". Supported charsets depend on the implementation and installation. */ wxLocaleIdent& Charset(const wxString& charset); /** Set modifier. Note that this value is only used under Unix systems and simply ignored under the other ones. Note that under Unix systems the modifier value may represent a script value. If the value corresponds to a valid script alias it is mapped to the associated script tag. Return reference to `this` for method chaining. @param modifier Modifier is a free-form text string. */ wxLocaleIdent& Modifier(const wxString& modifier); /** Set extension. Note that this value is only used under Windows systems and simply ignored under the other ones. Return reference to `this` for method chaining. @param extension Extension identifiers allow to support custom Windows locales. They are usually not portable, not even from one Windows system to the other. */ wxLocaleIdent& Extension(const wxString& extension); /** Set sortorder. Note that this value is only used under Windows systems and simply ignored under the other ones. Return reference to `this` for method chaining. @param sortorder Sortorder identifiers are defined in the Windows Development documentation: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/intl/sort-order-identifiers. */ wxLocaleIdent& Sortorder(const wxString& sortorder); /// Return the language part of the locale identifier. const wxString& GetLanguage() const; /// Return the region part of the locale identifier. const wxString& GetRegion() const; /// Return the script part of the locale identifier. const wxString& GetScript() const; /// Return the charset part of the locale identifier. const wxString& GetCharset() const; /// Return the modifier part of the locale identifier. const wxString& GetModifier() const; /// Return the extension part of the locale identifier. const wxString& GetExtension() const; /// Return the sortorder part of the locale identifier. const wxString& GetSortorder() const; /** Construct platform dependent name. Format: - Windows: \-\-\-\_\ - Unix: \_\.\@@{\\|\} - MacOS: \-\_\ */ wxString GetName() const; /** Construct name in specified format. Format: - Default: name as used in wxLocaleIdent::FromTag() or system format - System: name in platform-dependent format - Windows: \-\-\-\_\ - Unix: \_\.\@@\ - MacOS: \-\_\ - BCP 47: \-\-\-\ @param tagType Value from wxLocaleTagType enum. */ wxString GetTag(wxLocaleTagType tagType = wxLOCALE_TAGTYPE_DEFAULT) const; /** Check if the locale is empty. @return @true if this is an empty, invalid object. */ bool IsEmpty() const; };