685 lines
20 KiB
HTML
685 lines
20 KiB
HTML
<!-- Creator : groff version 1.18.1 -->
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<!-- CreationDate: Sat Feb 24 18:37:20 2007 -->
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta name="generator" content="groff -Thtml, see www.gnu.org">
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<meta name="Content-Style" content="text/css">
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<title>TIFFCROP</title>
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1 align=center>TIFFCROP</h1>
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<a href="#NAME">NAME</a><br>
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<a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a><br>
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<a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a><br>
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<a href="#OPTIONS">OPTIONS</a><br>
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<a href="#EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES</a><br>
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<a href="#SEE ALSO">SEE ALSO</a><br>
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<hr>
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<a name="NAME"></a>
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<h2>NAME</h2>
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<td width="8%"></td>
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<td width="91%">
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<p>tiffcrop − copy (and possibly convert and crop or
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process) a <small>TIFF</small> file</p>
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</td>
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</table>
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<a name="SYNOPSIS"></a>
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<h2>SYNOPSIS</h2>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<td width="8%"></td>
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<td width="91%">
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<p><b>tiffcrop</b> [ <i>options</i> ] <i>src1.tif ...
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srcN.tif dst.tif</i></p>
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</td>
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</table>
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<a name="DESCRIPTION"></a>
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<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="8%"></td>
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<td width="91%">
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<p><i>tiffcrop</i> combines one or more files created
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according to the Tag Image File Format, Revision 6.0 into a
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single <small>TIFF</small> file. The output file may be
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compressed using a different algorithm than the input files.
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<i>tiffcrop</i> is most often used to extract portions of an
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image for processing with bar code recognizer or OCR
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software when that software cannot restrict the region of
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interest to a specific portion of the image or to improve
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efficiency when the regions of interest must be rotated.</p>
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<!-- INDENTATION -->
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<p>By default, <i>tiffcrop</i> will copy all the understood
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tags in a <small>TIFF</small> directory of an input file to
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the associated directory in the output file.</p>
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<p><i>tiffcrop</i> can be used to reorganize the storage
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characteristics of data in a file, and it will alter or
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convert the image data content as specified at the same
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time, unlike tiffcp.</p>
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<p><i>tiffcrop</i> will behave exactly like tiffcp if none
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of the new options are specified.</p>
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</td>
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</table>
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<a name="OPTIONS"></a>
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<h2>OPTIONS</h2>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="8%"></td>
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<td width="91%">
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<p><b>−N odd|even|#,#-#,#|last</b></p></td>
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</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="19%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>sequences and ranges of images within file to process.
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The words <b>odd</b> or <b>even</b> may be used to specify
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all odd or even numbered images. The word <b>last</b> may be
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used in place of a number in the sequence to indicate the
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final image in the file without knowing how many images
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there are. Ranges of images may be specified with a dash and
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multiple sets can be indicated by joining them in a
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comma-separated list. e.g.. use <b>−N 1,5-7,last</b>
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to process the 1st, 5th through 7th, and final image in the
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file.</p>
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</td>
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</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="8%"></td>
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<td width="91%">
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<p><b>−E top|bottom|left|right</b></p></td>
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</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="19%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>use the top, bottom, left, or right edge as origin
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reference for width and length of crop regions. May be
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abbreviated to first letter.</p>
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</td>
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</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="8%"></td>
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<td width="91%">
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<p><b>−U in|cm|px</b></p></td>
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</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="19%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>units to apply to dimensions for margins and crop
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regions. Inches or centimeters are converted to pixels using
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the resolution unit specified in the TIFF file (which
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defaults to inches if not specified in the IFD).</p>
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</td>
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</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="8%"></td>
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<td width="91%">
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<p><b>−m #,#,#,#</b></p></td>
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</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="19%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>margins to be removed from the image. The order must be
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top, left, bottom, right with only commas separating the
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elements of the list. Margins are scaled according to the
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current units and removed before any other extractions are
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computed. Capital M was in use.</p>
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</td>
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</table>
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<!-- TABS -->
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="10%"></td>
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<td width="6%">
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<p><b>−X #</b></p>
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</td>
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<td width="2%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>horizontal (X-axis) dimension of a region to extract
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relative to the specified origin reference. If the origin is
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the top or bottom edge, the X axis value will be assumed to
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start at the left edge.</p>
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</td>
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<td width="0%">
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</td>
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="10%"></td>
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<td width="6%">
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<p><b>−Y #</b></p>
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</td>
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<td width="2%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>vertical (Y-axis) dimension of a region to extract
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relative to the specified origin reference. If the origin is
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the left or right edge, the Y axis value will be assumed to
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start at the top.</p>
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</td>
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<td width="0%">
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</td>
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</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="8%"></td>
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<td width="91%">
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<p><b>−Z #:#,#:#</b></p></td>
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</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="19%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>zones of the image designated as position X of Y equal
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sized portions measured from the reference edge, e.g. 1:3
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would be first third of the image starting from the
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reference edge minus any margins specified for the confining
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edges. Multiple zones can be specified as a comma separated
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list but they must reference the same edge. To extract the
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top quarter and the bottom third of an image you would use
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<b>−Z 1:4,3:3.</b></p>
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</td>
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</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="8%"></td>
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<td width="91%">
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<p><b>−F horiz|vert</b></p></td>
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</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="19%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>flip, i.e. mirror, the image or extracted region
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horizontally or vertically.</p>
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</td>
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</table>
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<!-- INDENTATION -->
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="8%"></td>
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<td width="91%">
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<p><b>−R 90|180|270</b></p></td>
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</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="19%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>rotate the image or extracted region 90, 180, or 270
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degrees clockwise.</p>
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</td>
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</table>
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<!-- TABS -->
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="10%"></td>
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<td width="2%">
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<p><b>−I</b></p>
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</td>
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<td width="6%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>invert the colorspace values for grayscale and bi-level
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images. This would be used to correct negative images that
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have incorrect PHOTOMETRIC INTERPRETATION tags. No support
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for color images.</p>
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</td>
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<td width="0%">
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</td>
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</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="8%"></td>
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<td width="91%">
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<p><b>−b</b> <i>image</i></p></td>
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</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="19%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>subtract the following monochrome image from all others
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processed. This can be used to remove a noise bias from a
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set of images. This bias image is typically an image of
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noise the camera saw with its shutter closed. Bias image
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support is not available with options for cropping,
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rotating, or inverting the image.</p>
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</td>
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</table>
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<!-- TABS -->
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="10%"></td>
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<td width="3%">
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<p><b>−B</b></p>
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</td>
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<td width="5%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>Force output to be written with Big-Endian byte order.
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This option only has an effect when the output file is
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created or overwritten and not when it is appended to.</p>
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</td>
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<td width="0%">
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</td>
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="10%"></td>
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<td width="3%">
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<p><b>−C</b></p>
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</td>
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<td width="5%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>Suppress the use of ‘‘strip
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chopping’’ when reading images that have a
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single strip/tile of uncompressed data.</p>
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</td>
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<td width="0%">
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</td>
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="10%"></td>
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<td width="3%">
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<p><b>−c</b></p>
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</td>
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<td width="5%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>Specify the compression to use for data written to the
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output file: <b>none</b> for no compression, <b>packbits</b>
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for PackBits compression, <b>lzw</b> for Lempel-Ziv &
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Welch compression, <b>jpeg</b> for baseline JPEG
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compression, <b>zip</b> for Deflate compression, <b>g3</b>
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for CCITT Group 3 (T.4) compression, and <b>g4</b> for CCITT
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Group 4 (T.6) compression. By default <i>tiffcrop</i> will
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compress data according to the value of the
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<i>Compression</i> tag found in the source file.</p>
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</td>
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<td width="0%">
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</td>
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</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="17%"></td>
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<td width="82%">
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<p>The <small>CCITT</small> Group 3 and Group 4 compression
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algorithms can only be used with bi-level data.</p>
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<!-- INDENTATION -->
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<p>Group 3 compression can be specified together with
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several T.4-specific options: <b>1d</b> for 1-dimensional
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encoding, <b>2d</b> for 2-dimensional encoding, and
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<b>fill</b> to force each encoded scanline to be zero-filled
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so that the terminating EOL code lies on a byte boundary.
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Group 3-specific options are specified by appending a
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‘‘:’’-separated list to the
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‘‘g3’’ option; e.g. <b>−c
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g3:2d:fill</b> to get 2D-encoded data with byte-aligned EOL
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codes.</p>
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<!-- INDENTATION -->
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<p><small>LZW</small> compression can be specified together
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with a <i>predictor</i> value. A predictor value of 2 causes
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each scanline of the output image to undergo horizontal
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differencing before it is encoded; a value of 1 forces each
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scanline to be encoded without differencing. LZW-specific
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options are specified by appending a
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‘‘:’’-separated list to the
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‘‘lzw’’ option; e.g. <b>−c
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lzw:2</b> for <small>LZW</small> compression with horizontal
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differencing.</p>
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</td>
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</table>
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<!-- TABS -->
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
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cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="10%"></td>
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<td width="3%">
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<p><b>−f</b></p>
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</td>
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<td width="5%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>Specify the bit fill order to use in writing output
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data. By default, <i>tiffcrop</i> will create a new file
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with the same fill order as the original. Specifying
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<b>−f lsb2msb</b> will force data to be written with
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the FillOrder tag set to <small>LSB2MSB,</small> while
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<b>−f msb2lsb</b> will force data to be written with
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the FillOrder tag set to <small>MSB2LSB.</small></p>
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</td>
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<td width="0%">
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</td>
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="10%"></td>
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<td width="3%">
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<p><b>−i</b></p>
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</td>
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<td width="5%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>Ignore non-fatal read errors and continue processing of
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the input file.</p>
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</td>
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<td width="0%">
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</td>
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="10%"></td>
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<td width="3%">
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<p><b>−l</b></p>
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</td>
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<td width="5%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>Specify the length of a tile (in pixels).
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<i>tiffcrop</i> attempts to set the tile dimensions so that
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no more than 8 kilobytes of data appear in a tile.</p>
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</td>
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<td width="0%">
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</td>
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="10%"></td>
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<td width="3%">
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<p><b>−L</b></p>
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</td>
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<td width="5%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>Force output to be written with Little-Endian byte
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order. This option only has an effect when the output file
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is created or overwritten and not when it is appended
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to.</p>
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</td>
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<td width="0%">
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</td>
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="10%"></td>
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<td width="3%">
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<p><b>−M</b></p>
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</td>
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<td width="5%"></td>
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<td width="80%">
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<p>Suppress the use of memory-mapped files when reading
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images.</p>
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</td>
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<td width="0%">
|
|
</td>
|
|
<tr valign="top" align="left">
|
|
<td width="10%"></td>
|
|
<td width="3%">
|
|
|
|
<p><b>−p</b></p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td width="5%"></td>
|
|
<td width="80%">
|
|
|
|
<p>Specify the planar configuration to use in writing image
|
|
data that has one 8-bit sample per pixel. By default,
|
|
<i>tiffcrop</i> will create a new file with the same planar
|
|
configuration as the original. Specifying <b>−p
|
|
contig</b> will force data to be written with multi-sample
|
|
data packed together, while <b>−p separate</b> will
|
|
force samples to be written in separate planes.</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td width="0%">
|
|
</td>
|
|
<tr valign="top" align="left">
|
|
<td width="10%"></td>
|
|
<td width="3%">
|
|
|
|
<p><b>−r</b></p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td width="5%"></td>
|
|
<td width="80%">
|
|
|
|
<p>Specify the number of rows (scanlines) in each strip of
|
|
data written to the output file. By default (or when value
|
|
<b>0</b> is specified), <i>tiffcrop</i> attempts to set the
|
|
rows/strip that no more than 8 kilobytes of data appear in a
|
|
strip. If you specify special value <b>-1</b> it will
|
|
results in infinite number of the rows per strip. The entire
|
|
image will be the one strip in that case.</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td width="0%">
|
|
</td>
|
|
<tr valign="top" align="left">
|
|
<td width="10%"></td>
|
|
<td width="3%">
|
|
|
|
<p><b>−s</b></p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td width="5%"></td>
|
|
<td width="80%">
|
|
|
|
<p>Force the output file to be written with data organized
|
|
in strips (rather than tiles).</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td width="0%">
|
|
</td>
|
|
<tr valign="top" align="left">
|
|
<td width="10%"></td>
|
|
<td width="3%">
|
|
|
|
<p><b>−t</b></p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td width="5%"></td>
|
|
<td width="80%">
|
|
|
|
<p>Force the output file to be written with data organized
|
|
in tiles (rather than strips). options can be used to force
|
|
the resultant image to be written as strips or tiles of
|
|
data, respectively.</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td width="0%">
|
|
</td>
|
|
<tr valign="top" align="left">
|
|
<td width="10%"></td>
|
|
<td width="3%">
|
|
|
|
<p><b>−w</b></p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td width="5%"></td>
|
|
<td width="80%">
|
|
|
|
<p>Specify the width of a tile (in pixels). <i>tiffcrop</i>
|
|
attempts to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8
|
|
kilobytes of data appear in a tile. <i>tiffcrop</i> attempts
|
|
to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8 kilobytes
|
|
of data appear in a tile.</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td width="0%">
|
|
</td>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<!-- INDENTATION -->
|
|
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
|
|
cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
|
|
<tr valign="top" align="left">
|
|
<td width="8%"></td>
|
|
<td width="91%">
|
|
<p><b>−,={character}</b></p></td>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<!-- INDENTATION -->
|
|
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
|
|
cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
|
|
<tr valign="top" align="left">
|
|
<td width="19%"></td>
|
|
<td width="80%">
|
|
<p>substitute {character} for ’,’ in parsing
|
|
image directory indices in files. This is necessary if
|
|
filenames contain commas. Note that ’,=’ with
|
|
whitespace immediately following will disable the special
|
|
meaning of the ’,’ entirely. See examples.</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<a name="EXAMPLES"></a>
|
|
<h2>EXAMPLES</h2>
|
|
<!-- INDENTATION -->
|
|
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
|
|
cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
|
|
<tr valign="top" align="left">
|
|
<td width="8%"></td>
|
|
<td width="91%">
|
|
<p>The following concatenates two files and writes the
|
|
result using <small>LZW</small> encoding:</p></td>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<!-- INDENTATION -->
|
|
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
|
|
cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
|
|
<tr valign="top" align="left">
|
|
<td width="17%"></td>
|
|
<td width="82%">
|
|
<pre>tiffcrop -c lzw a.tif b.tif result.tif
|
|
</pre>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<!-- INDENTATION -->
|
|
|
|
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
|
|
cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
|
|
<tr valign="top" align="left">
|
|
<td width="8%"></td>
|
|
<td width="91%">
|
|
<p>To convert a G3 1d-encoded <small>TIFF</small> to a
|
|
single strip of G4-encoded data the following might be
|
|
used:</p></td>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<!-- INDENTATION -->
|
|
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
|
|
cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
|
|
<tr valign="top" align="left">
|
|
<td width="17%"></td>
|
|
<td width="82%">
|
|
<pre>tiffcrop -c g4 -r 10000 g3.tif g4.tif
|
|
</pre>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<!-- INDENTATION -->
|
|
|
|
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
|
|
cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
|
|
<tr valign="top" align="left">
|
|
<td width="8%"></td>
|
|
<td width="91%">
|
|
<p>(1000 is just a number that is larger than the number of
|
|
rows in the source file.)</p>
|
|
<!-- INDENTATION -->
|
|
<p>To extract a selected set of images from a multi-image
|
|
TIFF file use the -N option described above. Thus, to copy
|
|
the 1st and 3rd images of image file "album.tif"
|
|
to "result.tif":</p></td>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<!-- INDENTATION -->
|
|
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
|
|
cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
|
|
<tr valign="top" align="left">
|
|
<td width="17%"></td>
|
|
<td width="82%">
|
|
<pre>tiffcrop -N 1,3 album.tif result.tif
|
|
</pre>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<!-- INDENTATION -->
|
|
|
|
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
|
|
cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
|
|
<tr valign="top" align="left">
|
|
<td width="8%"></td>
|
|
<td width="91%">
|
|
<p>Given file "CCD.tif" whose first image is a
|
|
noise bias followed by images which include that bias,
|
|
subtract the noise from all those images following it (while
|
|
decompressing) with the command:</p></td>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<!-- INDENTATION -->
|
|
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
|
|
cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
|
|
<tr valign="top" align="left">
|
|
<td width="17%"></td>
|
|
<td width="82%">
|
|
<pre>tiffcrop -c none -b CCD.tif CCD.tif -d 2 result.tif
|
|
</pre>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<a name="SEE ALSO"></a>
|
|
<h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
|
|
<!-- INDENTATION -->
|
|
|
|
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
|
|
cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
|
|
<tr valign="top" align="left">
|
|
<td width="8%"></td>
|
|
<td width="91%">
|
|
<p><b>pal2rgb</b>(1), <b>tiffinfo</b>(1), <b>tiffcmp</b>(1),
|
|
<b>tiffcp</b>(1), <b>tiffmedian</b>(1), <b>tiffsplit</b>(1),
|
|
<b>libtiff</b>(3TIFF)</p>
|
|
<!-- INDENTATION -->
|
|
<p>Libtiff library home page:
|
|
<b>http://www.remotesensing.org/libtiff/</b></p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<hr>
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html>
|