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libtiff/html/man/TIFFcolor.3tiff.html
Andrey Kiselev 0776b32d29 3.8.0 released.
2005-12-29 22:01:44 +00:00

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<!-- Creator : groff version 1.18.1 -->
<!-- CreationDate: Fri Dec 30 00:55:55 2005 -->
<html>
<head>
<meta name="generator" content="groff -Thtml, see www.gnu.org">
<meta name="Content-Style" content="text/css">
<title>COLOR</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 align=center>COLOR</h1>
<a href="#NAME">NAME</a><br>
<a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a><br>
<a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a><br>
<a href="#SEE ALSO">SEE ALSO</a><br>
<hr>
<a name="NAME"></a>
<h2>NAME</h2>
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<p>TIFFYCbCrToRGBInit, TIFFYCbCrtoRGB, TIFFCIELabToRGBInit,
TIFFCIELabToXYZ, TIFFXYZToRGB &minus; color conversion
routines.</p>
</td>
</table>
<a name="SYNOPSIS"></a>
<h2>SYNOPSIS</h2>
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<p><b>#include &lt;tiffio.h&gt;</b></p>
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<p><b>int TIFFYCbCrToRGBInit(TIFFYCbCrToRGB
*</b><i>ycbcr</i><b>, float *</b><i>luma</i><b>, float
*</b><i>refBlackWhite&quot;</i><b>);&quot;<br>
void TIFFYCbCrtoRGB(TIFFYCbCrToRGB *</b><i>ycbcr</i><b>,
uint32</b> <i>Y</i><b>, int32</b> <i>Cb</i><b>, int32</b>
<i>Cr</i><b>, uint32 *</b><i>R</i><b>, uint32
*</b><i>G</i><b>, uint32 *</b><i>B</i> <b>);</b></p>
<!-- INDENTATION -->
<p><b>int TIFFCIELabToRGBInit(TIFFCIELabToRGB
*</b><i>cielab</i><b>, TIFFDisplay *</b><i>display</i><b>,
float *</b><i>refWhite</i><b>);<br>
void TIFFCIELabToXYZ(TIFFCIELabToRGB *</b><i>cielab</i><b>,
uint32</b> <i>L</i><b>, int32</b> <i>a</i><b>, int32</b>
<i>b</i><b>, float *</b><i>X</i><b>, float *</b><i>Y</i><b>,
float *</b><i>Z</i><b>);<br>
void TIFFXYZToRGB(TIFFCIELabToRGB *</b><i>cielab</i><b>,
float</b> <i>X</i><b>, float</b> <i>Y</i><b>, float</b>
<i>Z&quot;</i><b>,</b><i>uint32</i><b>*&quot;</b><i>R</i><b>,
uint32 *</b><i>G</i><b>, uint32 *</b><i>B</i><b>);</b></p>
</td>
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<a name="DESCRIPTION"></a>
<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
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<p>TIFF supports several color spaces for images stored in
that format. There is usually a problem of application to
handle the data properly and convert between different
colorspaces for displaying and printing purposes. To
simplify this task libtiff implements several color
conversion routines itself. In particular, these routines
used in <b>TIFFRGBAImage(3TIFF)</b> interface.</p>
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<p><b>TIFFYCbCrToRGBInit()</b> used to initialize
<i>YCbCr</i> to <i>RGB</i> conversion state. Allocating and
freeing of the <i>ycbcr</i> structure belongs to programmer.
<i>TIFFYCbCrToRGB</i> defined in <b>tiffio.h</b> as</p>
</td>
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<pre>typedef struct { /* YCbCr-&gt;RGB support */
TIFFRGBValue* clamptab; /* range clamping table */
</pre>
</td>
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<p>int*</p>
<td width="28%"></td>
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<td width="12%"></td>
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<p>Cr_r_tab;<br>
int*</p>
</td>
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</td>
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<td width="-3%"></td>
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<p>Cb_b_tab;<br>
int32*</p>
</td>
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</td>
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<td width="28%"></td>
<td width="-3%"></td>
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<p>Cr_g_tab;<br>
int32*</p>
</td>
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</td>
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<td width="28%"></td>
<td width="-3%"></td>
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<p>Cb_g_tab;</p>
</td>
<td width="56%">
</td>
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<p>int32* Y_tab;<br>
} TIFFYCbCrToRGB;</p></td>
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<p><i>luma</i> is a float array of three values representing
proportions of the red, green and blue in luminance, Y (see
section 21 of the TIFF 6.0 specification, where the YCbCr
images discussed). <i>TIFFTAG_YCBCRCOEFFICIENTS</i> holds
that values in TIFF file. <i>refBlackWhite</i> is a float
array of 6 values which specifies a pair of headroom and
footroom image data values (codes) for each image component
(see section 20 of the TIFF 6.0 specification where the
colorinmetry fields discussed).
<i>TIFFTAG_REFERENCEBLACKWHITE</i> is responsible for
storing these values in TIFF file. Following code snippet
should helps to understand the the technique:</p>
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<pre>float *luma, *refBlackWhite;
uint16 hs, vs;
/* Initialize structures */
ycbcr = (TIFFYCbCrToRGB*)
</pre>
</td>
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<p>_TIFFmalloc(TIFFroundup(sizeof(TIFFYCbCrToRGB),
sizeof(long))</p>
</td>
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<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="75%">
<p>+ 4*256*sizeof(TIFFRGBValue)</p>
</td>
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<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="75%">
<p>+ 2*256*sizeof(int)</p>
</td>
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<p>+ 3*256*sizeof(int32));</p>
</td>
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<p>if (ycbcr == NULL) {<br>
TIFFError(&quot;YCbCr-&gt;RGB&quot;,</p></td>
</table>
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</td>
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<p>&quot;No space for YCbCr-&gt;RGB conversion
state&quot;);</p>
</td>
<td width="62%">
</td>
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<p>exit(0);<br>
}</p>
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<p>TIFFGetFieldDefaulted(tif, TIFFTAG_YCBCRCOEFFICIENTS,
&amp;luma);<br>
TIFFGetFieldDefaulted(tif, TIFFTAG_REFERENCEBLACKWHITE,
&amp;refBlackWhite);<br>
if (TIFFYCbCrToRGBInit(ycbcr, luma, refBlackWhite) &lt;
0)</p></td>
</table>
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<p>exit(0);</p>
</td>
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<p>/* Start conversion */<br>
uint32 r, g, b;<br>
uint32 Y;<br>
int32 Cb, Cr;</p>
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<p>for each pixel in image</p></td>
</table>
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<p>TIFFYCbCrtoRGB(img-&gt;ycbcr, Y, Cb, Cr, &amp;r, &amp;g,
&amp;b);</p>
</td>
</table>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<td width="82%">
<p>/* Free state structure */<br>
_TIFFfree(ycbcr);</p></td>
</table>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<td width="91%">
<p><b>TIFFCIELabToRGBInit()</b> initializes the <i>CIE
L*a*b* 1976</i> to <i>RGB</i> conversion state.
<b>TIFFCIELabToRGB</b> defined as</p>
</td>
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<pre>#define CIELABTORGB_TABLE_RANGE 1500
</pre>
</td>
</table>
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<p>typedef struct {</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%">
</td>
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<p>/* CIE Lab 1976-&gt;RGB support */</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="37%">
</td>
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<td width="17%"></td>
<td width="6%">
</td>
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<p>int</p>
</td>
<td width="6%">
<p>range;</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%">
</td>
<td width="6%">
<p>/* Size of conversion table */</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="37%">
</td>
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<td width="17%"></td>
<td width="6%">
</td>
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<p>float</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p>rstep, gstep, bstep;</p>
</td>
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<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="37%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="17%"></td>
<td width="6%">
</td>
<td width="6%">
<p>float</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p>X0, Y0, Z0;</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p>/* Reference white point */</p>
</td>
<td width="37%">
</td>
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<td width="17%"></td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p>TIFFDisplay display;</p>
</td>
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<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="37%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="17%"></td>
<td width="6%">
</td>
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<p>float</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p>Yr2r[CIELABTORGB_TABLE_RANGE + 1]; /* Conversion of Yr
to r */</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="37%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="17%"></td>
<td width="6%">
</td>
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<p>float</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p>Yg2g[CIELABTORGB_TABLE_RANGE + 1]; /* Conversion of Yg
to g */</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="37%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="17%"></td>
<td width="6%">
</td>
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<p>float</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p>Yb2b[CIELABTORGB_TABLE_RANGE + 1]; /* Conversion of Yb
to b */</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="37%">
</td>
</table>
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<p>} TIFFCIELabToRGB;</p></td>
</table>
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<p><i>display</i> is a display device description, declared
as</p>
</td>
</table>
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<pre>typedef struct {
</pre>
</td>
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<p>float d_mat[3][3]; /* XYZ -&gt; luminance matrix */</p>
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="75%">
<p>float d_YCR; /* Light o/p for reference white */</p>
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="75%">
<p>float d_YCG;</p>
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="75%">
<p>float d_YCB;</p>
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="75%">
<p>uint32 d_Vrwr; /* Pixel values for ref. white */</p>
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="75%">
<p>uint32 d_Vrwg;</p>
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="75%">
<p>uint32 d_Vrwb;</p>
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="75%">
<p>float d_Y0R; /* Residual light for black pixel */</p>
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="75%">
<p>float d_Y0G;</p>
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="75%">
<p>float d_Y0B;</p>
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="75%">
<p>float d_gammaR; /* Gamma values for the three guns
*/</p>
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="75%">
<p>float d_gammaG;</p>
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="75%">
<p>float d_gammaB;</p>
</td>
</table>
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<p>} TIFFDisplay;</p></td>
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<p>For example, the one can use sRGB device, which has the
following parameters:</p>
</td>
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<pre>TIFFDisplay display_sRGB = {
</pre>
</td>
</table>
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cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<td width="6%">
<p>{ /* XYZ -&gt; luminance matrix */</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="62%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="0%"></td>
<td width="6%">
</td>
<td width="6%">
<p>{ 3.2410F, -1.5374F, -0.4986F },</p>
</td>
<td width="62%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="0%"></td>
<td width="6%">
</td>
<td width="6%">
<p>{ -0.9692F, 1.8760F, 0.0416F },</p>
</td>
<td width="62%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="0%"></td>
<td width="6%">
</td>
<td width="6%">
<p>{ 0.0556F, -0.2040F, 1.0570F }</p>
</td>
<td width="62%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="0%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p>},</p>
</td>
<td width="6%">
</td>
<td width="62%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="0%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p>100.0F, 100.0F, 100.0F, /* Light o/p for reference white
*/</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="62%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="0%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p>255, 255, 255, /* Pixel values for ref. white */</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="62%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="0%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p>1.0F, 1.0F, 1.0F, /* Residual light o/p for black pixel
*/</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="62%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="0%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p>2.4F, 2.4F, 2.4F, /* Gamma values for the three guns
*/</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="62%">
</td>
</table>
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<p>};</p></td>
</table>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<td width="91%">
<p><i>refWhite</i> is a color temperature of the reference
white. The <i>TIFFTAG_WHITEPOINT</i> contains the
chromaticity of the white point of the image from where the
reference white can be calculated using following
formulae:</p>
</td>
</table>
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<td width="82%">
<p>refWhite_Y = 100.0<br>
refWhite_X = whitePoint_x / whitePoint_y * refWhite_Y<br>
refWhite_Z = (1.0 - whitePoint_x - whitePoint_y) /
whitePoint_y * refWhite_X</p></td>
</table>
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<td width="91%">
<p>The conversion itself performed in two steps: at the
first one we will convert <i>CIE L*a*b* 1976</i> to <i>CIE
XYZ</i> using <b>TIFFCIELabToXYZ()</b> routine, and at the
second step we will convert <i>CIE XYZ</i> to <i>RGB</i>
using <b>TIFFXYZToRGB().</b> Look at the code sample
below:</p>
</td>
</table>
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<pre>float *whitePoint;
float refWhite[3];
/* Initialize structures */
img-&gt;cielab = (TIFFCIELabToRGB *)
</pre>
</td>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<td width="75%">
<p>_TIFFmalloc(sizeof(TIFFCIELabToRGB));</p>
</td>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<td width="82%">
<p>if (!cielab) {</p></td>
</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="0%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p>TIFFError(&quot;CIE L*a*b*-&gt;RGB&quot;,</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="62%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="0%"></td>
<td width="6%">
</td>
<td width="6%">
<p>&quot;No space for CIE L*a*b*-&gt;RGB conversion
state.&quot;);</p>
</td>
<td width="62%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="0%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p>exit(0);</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="62%">
</td>
</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<td width="17%"></td>
<td width="82%">
<p>}</p>
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<p>TIFFGetFieldDefaulted(tif, TIFFTAG_WHITEPOINT,
&amp;whitePoint);<br>
refWhite[1] = 100.0F;<br>
refWhite[0] = whitePoint[0] / whitePoint[1] *
refWhite[1];<br>
refWhite[2] = (1.0F - whitePoint[0] -
whitePoint[1])</p></td>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<p>/ whitePoint[1] * refWhite[1];</p>
</td>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<p>if (TIFFCIELabToRGBInit(cielab, &amp;display_sRGB,
refWhite) &lt; 0) {</p></td>
</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="0%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p>TIFFError(&quot;CIE L*a*b*-&gt;RGB&quot;,</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="62%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="0%"></td>
<td width="6%">
</td>
<td width="6%">
<p>&quot;Failed to initialize CIE L*a*b*-&gt;RGB conversion
state.&quot;);</p>
</td>
<td width="62%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="0%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p>_TIFFfree(cielab);</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="62%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="0%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p>exit(0);</p>
</td>
<td width="6%"></td>
<td width="62%">
</td>
</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<td width="82%">
<p>}</p>
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<p>/* Now we can start to convert */<br>
uint32 r, g, b;<br>
uint32 L;<br>
int32 a, b;<br>
float X, Y, Z;</p>
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<p>for each pixel in image</p></td>
</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="75%">
<p>TIFFCIELabToXYZ(cielab, L, a, b, &amp;X, &amp;Y,
&amp;Z);</p>
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="24%"></td>
<td width="75%">
<p>TIFFXYZToRGB(cielab, X, Y, Z, &amp;r, &amp;g,
&amp;b);</p>
</td>
</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="17%"></td>
<td width="82%">
<p>/* Don&rsquo;t forget to free the state structure */<br>
_TIFFfree(cielab);</p></td>
</table>
<a name="SEE ALSO"></a>
<h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="91%">
<p><b>TIFFRGBAImage</b>(3TIFF) <b>libtiff</b>(3TIFF),</p>
<!-- INDENTATION -->
<p>Libtiff library home page:
<b>http://www.remotesensing.org/libtiff/</b></p>
</td>
</table>
<hr>
</body>
</html>
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